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中国科学院昆明植物研究所知识管理系统
Knowledge Management System of Kunming Institute of Botany,CAS
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0.05) between wild (AR = 4.651), semi-cultivated (AR = 5.091) and cultivated (AR = 5.132) populations of C. taliensis, which suggested that the genetic background of long-lived woody plant was not easy to be changed, and there were moderate high gene flow between populations. However, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between wild (AR = 5.9) and cultivated (AR = 7.1) populations distributed in the same place in Yun county, Yunnan province, which may result from the hybridization and introgression of species in the tea garden and anthropogenic damages to the wild population. The hypothesis of hybrid origin of C. grandibracteata was tested by morphological and microsatellites analyses. Compared with other species, the locules in ovary of C. grandibracteata are variable, which showed a morphological intermediate and mosaic. Except one private allele, Ninety-nine percent alleles of C. grandibracteata were shared with these of C. taliensis and C. sinensis var. assamica. And C. grandibracteata was nested in the cluster of C. taliensis in the UPGMA tree. Conclusively, our results supported the hypothesis of hybrid origin of C. grandibracteata partly. The speciation of C. grandibracteata was derived from hybridization and asymmetrical introgression potentially. It is possible that C. taliensis was one of its parents, but it still needs more evidences to prove that C. sinensis var. assamica was another parent.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3ACamellia%5C+taliensis%5C+%5C%28W.%5C+W.%5C+Smith%5C%29%5C+Melchior%2C%5C+a%5C+member%5C+of%5C+Camellia%5C+sect.%5C+Thea%2C%5C+is%5C+an%5C+indigenous%5C+species%5C+in%5C+local%5C+natural%5C+forest%5C+and%5C+has%5C+a%5C+long%5C+cultivative%5C+history%5C+in%5C+western%5C+Yunnan%5C+and%5C+its%5C+neighborhood%2C%5C+where%5C+the%5C+domestications%5C+of%5C+this%5C+species%5C+in%5C+different%5C+historical%5C+periods%5C+and%5C+in%5C+different%5C+ways%5C+can%5C+be%5C+found.%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+is%5C+an%5C+important%5C+contributor%5C+to%5C+the%5C+formations%5C+of%5C+tea%5C+landraces%5C+by%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+introgression.%5C+In%5C+the%5C+present%5C+study%2C%5C+14%5C+microsatellite%5C+loci%5C+screened%5C+from%5C+37%5C+loci%5C+were%5C+used%5C+to%5C+explore%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+diversity%5C+about%5C+this%5C+species%5C+with%5C+579%5C+samples%5C+from%5C+25%5C+populations%5C+%5C%2816%5C+wild%5C+populations%2C%5C+4%5C+semi%5C-cultivated%5C+populations%5C+and%5C+5%5C+cultivated%5C+populations%5C%29.%5C+At%5C+the%5C+same%5C+time%2C%5C+the%5C+potential%5C+hybrid%5C+speciation%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%2C%5C+was%5C+investigated%5C+using%5C+39%5C+individuals%5C+from%5C+2%5C+populations%2C%5C+along%5C+with%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+and%5C+C.%5C+sinensis%5C+var.%5C+assamica%5C+%5C%2883%5C+individuals%5C+from%5C+4%5C+populations%5C%29%5C+by%5C+the%5C+same%5C+microsatellite%5C+markers.%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+had%5C+a%5C+moderate%5C+high%5C+level%5C+of%5C+genetic%5C+diversity%5C+%5C%28A%5C+%3D%5C+14.3%2C%5C+Ne%3D%5C+5.7%2C%5C+HE%5C+%3D%5C+0.666%2C%5C+I%5C+%3D%5C+1.753%2C%5C+AR%5C+%3D%5C+7.2%2C%5C+PPB%5C+%3D%5C+100%25%5C%29.%5C+This%5C+may%5C+result%5C+from%5C+several%5C+factors%5C+including%5C+K%5C-strategy%2C%5C+genetic%5C+background%2C%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+between%5C+populations%2C%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+introgression%5C+among%5C+species.%5C+Between%5C+wild%5C+populations%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%2C%5C+the%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+was%5C+moderate%5C+high%5C+%5C%28Nm%5C+%3D%5C+1.197%5C%29%2C%5C+and%5C+genetic%5C+variation%5C+was%5C+less%5C+than%5C+20%25%5C+%5C%28GST%5C+%3D%5C+0.147%2C%5C+FST%5C+%3D%5C+0.173%5C%29%2C%5C+which%5C+was%5C+similar%5C+to%5C+other%5C+research%5C+results%5C+of%5C+long%5C-lived%5C+woody%5C+plants%2C%5C+and%5C+reflected%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+structure%5C+of%5C+its%5C+ancestry%5C+to%5C+same%5C+extent.%5C+There%5C+was%5C+a%5C+high%5C+significant%5C+correlation%5C+between%5C+geographic%5C+distance%5C+and%5C+Nei%E2%80%99s%5C+genetic%5C+distance%5C+%5C%28r%5C+%3D%5C+0.372%2C%5C+P%5C+%3D%5C+0.001%5C%29%5C+of%5C+populations%2C%5C+which%5C+accorded%5C+with%5C+isolation%5C+by%5C+distance%5C+model.%5C+Inferring%5C+from%5C+Bayesian%5C+clustering%5C+of%5C+genotypes%2C%5C+all%5C+individuals%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+were%5C+divided%5C+into%5C+two%5C+groups%2C%5C+conflicting%5C+with%5C+the%5C+result%5C+based%5C+on%5C+Nei%E2%80%99s%5C+genetic%5C+distance%5C+and%5C+real%5C+geographic%5C+distribution%2C%5C+which%5C+suggested%5C+there%5C+were%5C+heavy%5C+and%5C+non%5C-random%5C+influences%5C+by%5C+human%5C+practices.%5C+According%5C+to%5C+allelic%5C+richness%2C%5C+there%5C+were%5C+no%5C+significant%5C+differences%5C+%5C%28P%5C+%3E%5C+0.05%5C%29%5C+between%5C+wild%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+4.651%5C%29%2C%5C+semi%5C-cultivated%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+5.091%5C%29%5C+and%5C+cultivated%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+5.132%5C%29%5C+populations%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%2C%5C+which%5C+suggested%5C+that%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+background%5C+of%5C+long%5C-lived%5C+woody%5C+plant%5C+was%5C+not%5C+easy%5C+to%5C+be%5C+changed%2C%5C+and%5C+there%5C+were%5C+moderate%5C+high%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+between%5C+populations.%5C+However%2C%5C+there%5C+was%5C+a%5C+significant%5C+difference%5C+%5C%28P%5C+%3C%5C+0.05%5C%29%5C+between%5C+wild%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+5.9%5C%29%5C+and%5C+cultivated%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+7.1%5C%29%5C+populations%5C+distributed%5C+in%5C+the%5C+same%5C+place%5C+in%5C+Yun%5C+county%2C%5C+Yunnan%5C+province%2C%5C+which%5C+may%5C+result%5C+from%5C+the%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+introgression%5C+of%5C+species%5C+in%5C+the%5C+tea%5C+garden%5C+and%5C+anthropogenic%5C+damages%5C+to%5C+the%5C+wild%5C+population.%5C+The%5C+hypothesis%5C+of%5C+hybrid%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+was%5C+tested%5C+by%5C+morphological%5C+and%5C+microsatellites%5C+analyses.%5C+Compared%5C+with%5C+other%5C+species%2C%5C+the%5C+locules%5C+in%5C+ovary%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+are%5C+variable%2C%5C+which%5C+showed%5C+a%5C+morphological%5C+intermediate%5C+and%5C+mosaic.%5C+Except%5C+one%5C+private%5C+allele%2C%5C+Ninety%5C-nine%5C+percent%5C+alleles%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+were%5C+shared%5C+with%5C+these%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+and%5C+C.%5C+sinensis%5C+var.%5C+assamica.%5C+And%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+was%5C+nested%5C+in%5C+the%5C+cluster%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+in%5C+the%5C+UPGMA%5C+tree.%5C+Conclusively%2C%5C+our%5C+results%5C+supported%5C+the%5C+hypothesis%5C+of%5C+hybrid%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+partly.%5C+The%5C+speciation%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+was%5C+derived%5C+from%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+asymmetrical%5C+introgression%5C+potentially.%5C+It%5C+is%5C+possible%5C+that%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+was%5C+one%5C+of%5C+its%5C+parents%2C%5C+but%5C+it%5C+still%5C+needs%5C+more%5C+evidences%5C+to%5C+prove%5C+that%5C+C.%5C+sinensis%5C+var.%5C+assamica%5C+was%5C+another%5C+parent."},{"jsname":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AChina%5C+Postdoctoral%5C+Science%5C+Foundation"},{"jsname":"China Scholarship Council","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AChina%5C+Scholarship%5C+Council"},{"jsname":"Chinese Academy of Sciences[2013T2S003]","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AChinese%5C+Academy%5C+of%5C+Sciences%5C%5B2013T2S003%5C%5D"},{"jsname":"Cold stress is one of the major environmental factors that adversely influence plants growth. Cold stress not only limits plants geographic distribution, but also reduces plants yield by shortening growing season, which brought billions of dollars economic losses for global crop. In nature, responses of overwintering plants to low temperature can be divided into three distinct phases: cold acclimation (CA), freezing, and post-freezing recovery (PFR). Until now, plenty intensive study about molecular mechanism of cold stress mainly focused on the above-zero low temperature phase. However, the studies on the freezing phase below zero and the following PFR phase with temperature going up to above-zero were rare. The previous research form our lab hinted that the responses of plants to freezing and PFR were complex and important. Except for passive reflection, there were also crucial active responses during this process. Several special rules were presented at the different levels including gene expression, signal transduction and membrane lipids changes, and fully understanding these rules would be helpful for us to explore the responses of plants to low temperature and then proceed to improve the freezing resistance of plants. In the present study, the mechanisms of respond to freezing and PFR of model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its close relative Thellungiella halophlia that with extreme tolerance to abiotic stresses were carried out, including regulation of gene expression, signal transduction pathway and membrane lipids changes three levels which were essential for the freezing resistance of plants. Ground on these work, we obtained results from the following five aspects. First, the complete picture of A. thaliana responding to freezing and PFR at transcriptome level was elaborated and three functional genes closely related to the phases were identified. Second, the cis-elements with high frequent presence in differentially expressed genes were elucidated, and the practical binding of one elements among them was experimental verified during freezing and PFR. Moreover, we predicted the new elements which would respond to freezing and PFR. Third, the regulation of freezing stress by microRNA in A. thaliana was preliminarily investigated and 36 functional genes possibly regulated by miRNA during freezing and PFR were gained. Fourth, the negative effect of phytohormone Auxin on A. thaliana subjected to freezing stress was identified. Fifth, for the freezing-resistant plant T. halophlia, the rules of membrane lipids composition changes under freezing stress were uncovered.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3ACold%5C+stress%5C+is%5C+one%5C+of%5C+the%5C+major%5C+environmental%5C+factors%5C+that%5C+adversely%5C+influence%5C+plants%5C+growth.%5C+Cold%5C+stress%5C+not%5C+only%5C+limits%5C+plants%5C+geographic%5C+distribution%2C%5C+but%5C+also%5C+reduces%5C+plants%5C+yield%5C+by%5C+shortening%5C+growing%5C+season%2C%5C+which%5C+brought%5C+billions%5C+of%5C+dollars%5C+economic%5C+losses%5C+for%5C+global%5C+crop.%5C+In%5C+nature%2C%5C+responses%5C+of%5C+overwintering%5C+plants%5C+to%5C+low%5C+temperature%5C+can%5C+be%5C+divided%5C+into%5C+three%5C+distinct%5C+phases%5C%3A%5C+cold%5C+acclimation%5C+%5C%28CA%5C%29%2C%5C+freezing%2C%5C+and%5C+post%5C-freezing%5C+recovery%5C+%5C%28PFR%5C%29.%5C+Until%5C+now%2C%5C+plenty%5C+intensive%5C+study%5C+about%5C+molecular%5C+mechanism%5C+of%5C+cold%5C+stress%5C+mainly%5C+focused%5C+on%5C+the%5C+above%5C-zero%5C+low%5C+temperature%5C+phase.%5C+However%2C%5C+the%5C+studies%5C+on%5C+the%5C+freezing%5C+phase%5C+below%5C+zero%5C+and%5C+the%5C+following%5C+PFR%5C+phase%5C+with%5C+temperature%5C+going%5C+up%5C+to%5C+above%5C-zero%5C+were%5C+rare.%5C+The%5C+previous%5C+research%5C+form%5C+our%5C+lab%5C+hinted%5C+that%5C+the%5C+responses%5C+of%5C+plants%5C+to%5C+freezing%5C+and%5C+PFR%5C+were%5C+complex%5C+and%5C+important.%5C+Except%5C+for%5C+passive%5C+reflection%2C%5C+there%5C+were%5C+also%5C+crucial%5C+active%5C+responses%5C+during%5C+this%5C+process.%5C+Several%5C+special%5C+rules%5C+were%5C+presented%5C+at%5C+the%5C+different%5C+levels%5C+including%5C+gene%5C+expression%2C%5C+signal%5C+transduction%5C+and%5C+membrane%5C+lipids%5C+changes%2C%5C+and%5C+fully%5C+understanding%5C+these%5C+rules%5C+would%5C+be%5C+helpful%5C+for%5C+us%5C+to%5C+explore%5C+the%5C+responses%5C+of%5C+plants%5C+to%5C+low%5C+temperature%5C+and%5C+then%5C+proceed%5C+to%5C+improve%5C+the%5C+freezing%5C+resistance%5C+of%5C+plants.%5C+In%5C+the%5C+present%5C+study%2C%5C+the%5C+mechanisms%5C+of%5C+respond%5C+to%5C+freezing%5C+and%5C+PFR%5C+of%5C+model%5C+plant%5C+Arabidopsis%5C+thaliana%5C+and%5C+its%5C+close%5C+relative%5C+Thellungiella%5C+halophlia%5C+that%5C+with%5C+extreme%5C+tolerance%5C+to%5C+abiotic%5C+stresses%5C+were%5C+carried%5C+out%2C%5C+including%5C+regulation%5C+of%5C+gene%5C+expression%2C%5C+signal%5C+transduction%5C+pathway%5C+and%5C+membrane%5C+lipids%5C+changes%5C+three%5C+levels%5C+which%5C+were%5C+essential%5C+for%5C+the%5C+freezing%5C+resistance%5C+of%5C+plants.%5C+Ground%5C+on%5C+these%5C+work%2C%5C+we%5C+obtained%5C+results%5C+from%5C+the%5C+following%5C+five%5C+aspects.%5C+First%2C%5C+the%5C+complete%5C+picture%5C+of%5C+A.%5C+thaliana%5C+responding%5C+to%5C+freezing%5C+and%5C+PFR%5C+at%5C+transcriptome%5C+level%5C+was%5C+elaborated%5C+and%5C+three%5C+functional%5C+genes%5C+closely%5C+related%5C+to%5C+the%5C+phases%5C+were%5C+identified.%5C+Second%2C%5C+the%5C+cis%5C-elements%5C+with%5C+high%5C+frequent%5C+presence%5C+in%5C+differentially%5C+expressed%5C+genes%5C+were%5C+elucidated%2C%5C+and%5C+the%5C+practical%5C+binding%5C+of%5C+one%5C+elements%5C+among%5C+them%5C+was%5C+experimental%5C+verified%5C+during%5C+freezing%5C+and%5C+PFR.%5C+Moreover%2C%5C+we%5C+predicted%5C+the%5C+new%5C+elements%5C+which%5C+would%5C+respond%5C+to%5C+freezing%5C+and%5C+PFR.%5C+Third%2C%5C+the%5C+regulation%5C+of%5C+freezing%5C+stress%5C+by%5C+microRNA%5C+in%5C+A.%5C+thaliana%5C+was%5C+preliminarily%5C+investigated%5C+and%5C+36%5C+functional%5C+genes%5C+possibly%5C+regulated%5C+by%5C+miRNA%5C+during%5C+freezing%5C+and%5C+PFR%5C+were%5C+gained.%5C+Fourth%2C%5C+the%5C+negative%5C+effect%5C+of%5C+phytohormone%5C+Auxin%5C+on%5C+A.%5C+thaliana%5C+subjected%5C+to%5C+freezing%5C+stress%5C+was%5C+identified.%5C+Fifth%2C%5C+for%5C+the%5C+freezing%5C-resistant%5C+plant%5C+T.%5C+halophlia%2C%5C+the%5C+rules%5C+of%5C+membrane%5C+lipids%5C+composition%5C+changes%5C+under%5C+freezing%5C+stress%5C+were%5C+uncovered."},{"jsname":"Flower scent is a very important character in rose breeding. However, many of 25,000 rose cultivars have no scent or weak scent. The tea scent of modern roses mainly originated from Rosa odorata (Andrews) Sweet, which is one of the most important ancestors of modern cultivated roses and the very important rose breeding resource. Due to the land expanding, habitat fragmentation and so on, R. odorata has been listed as an endangered species in ‘Chinese Plant Red Data Book—Rare and Endangered Plants’ and as the third-category endangered species in ‘Chinese Rare and Endangered Protective Plants List’. Therefore, it is urgent to protect this species and studying the conservation genetics of R. odorata is essentially important to work out a strategy of conservation.R. odorata comprises three double-petaled varieties (R. odorata var. odorata, R. odorata var. erubescens, and R. odorata var. pseudindica) and one single-petaled variety (R. odorata var. gigantea). The taxonomy of the three double-petaled varieties of R. odorata has been disputed for a long time. They have been treated as intraspecific taxa of R. odorata var. gigantea or R. chinensis by different botanist. According to the morphological analyses, Hurst (1941) inferred that R. odorata var. odorata was the hybrid between R. odorata var. gigantea and R. chinensis. Therefore, in order to clarify the right protective units, two single-copy nuclear genes (GAPDH and ncpGS), together with two plastid loci (trnL-F and psbA-trnH) were applied to study the hybrid origin of the three double-petaled varieties and to identify their possible parents. Our data suggested the hybrid origin of the three double-petaled varieties. We inferred that R. odorata var. gigantea could be the maternal parent and R. chinensis cultivars be the paternal parent. It is strongly suggested that the conservation of R. odorata is the conservation of its wild type, R. odorata var. gigantea. We first applied seven microsatellite loci (SSR) coupled with a single-copy nuclear gene GAPDH to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of R. odorata var. gigantea. The main results are shown as follows:1. Genetic diversity：R. odorata var. gigantea maintains high degree of genetic diversity within and among populations (SSR: HT = 0.738, HS = 0.569, AR = 5.583, PPB = 97.35%, I = 1.703; GAPDH: HT = 0.739, HS = 0.540). We inferred that, outcrossing, long-lived tree species, clonal reproduction and general intraspecies hybridization between individuals, have contributed to the high degree of genetic diversity in R. odorata var. gigantea.2. Genetic differentiation and genetic structure：There was some degree of genetic differentiation among populations (SSR: GST = 0.229, FST = 0.240; GAPDH: GST = 0.269). The geographic isolation limited the dispersal of pollen or seeds, which resulted in the limitation of gene flow (Nm = 0.792). Then, the limited gene flow should be accounted for the genetic differentiation. Both the results of SSR data and haplotype analysis of GAPDH indicated that, the studied populations were divided into two distinct groups by Honghe River. These two groups showed significant genetic differentiation and represented two separate evolutionary lineages, which should be recognized as two evolutionary significant units (ESUs) for conservation concerns.3. Conservation of R. odorata：R. odorata var. gigantea has been listed in the ‘National Key Protective Wild Species List (II)’. Therefore, the conservation of this species is urgent. We inferred that, the main endangered reasons should be the habitat fragmentation and the reduction of populations and individuals per population resulted from environmental damage and human activities. We proposed that the strategy of in-situ conservation combining with ex-situ conservation should be carried out.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AFlower%5C+scent%5C+is%5C+a%5C+very%5C+important%5C+character%5C+in%5C+rose%5C+breeding.%5C+However%2C%5C+many%5C+of%5C+25%2C000%5C+rose%5C+cultivars%5C+have%5C+no%5C+scent%5C+or%5C+weak%5C+scent.%5C+The%5C+tea%5C+scent%5C+of%5C+modern%5C+roses%5C+mainly%5C+originated%5C+from%5C+Rosa%5C+odorata%5C+%5C%28Andrews%5C%29%5C+Sweet%2C%5C+which%5C+is%5C+one%5C+of%5C+the%5C+most%5C+important%5C+ancestors%5C+of%5C+modern%5C+cultivated%5C+roses%5C+and%5C+the%5C+very%5C+important%5C+rose%5C+breeding%5C+resource.%5C+Due%5C+to%5C+the%5C+land%5C+expanding%2C%5C+habitat%5C+fragmentation%5C+and%5C+so%5C+on%2C%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+has%5C+been%5C+listed%5C+as%5C+an%5C+endangered%5C+species%5C+in%5C+%E2%80%98Chinese%5C+Plant%5C+Red%5C+Data%5C+Book%E2%80%94Rare%5C+and%5C+Endangered%5C+Plants%E2%80%99%5C+and%5C+as%5C+the%5C+third%5C-category%5C+endangered%5C+species%5C+in%5C+%E2%80%98Chinese%5C+Rare%5C+and%5C+Endangered%5C+Protective%5C+Plants%5C+List%E2%80%99.%5C+Therefore%2C%5C+it%5C+is%5C+urgent%5C+to%5C+protect%5C+this%5C+species%5C+and%5C+studying%5C+the%5C+conservation%5C+genetics%5C+of%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+is%5C+essentially%5C+important%5C+to%5C+work%5C+out%5C+a%5C+strategy%5C+of%5C+conservation.R.%5C+odorata%5C+comprises%5C+three%5C+double%5C-petaled%5C+varieties%5C+%5C%28R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+odorata%2C%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+erubescens%2C%5C+and%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+pseudindica%5C%29%5C+and%5C+one%5C+single%5C-petaled%5C+variety%5C+%5C%28R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea%5C%29.%5C+The%5C+taxonomy%5C+of%5C+the%5C+three%5C+double%5C-petaled%5C+varieties%5C+of%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+has%5C+been%5C+disputed%5C+for%5C+a%5C+long%5C+time.%5C+They%5C+have%5C+been%5C+treated%5C+as%5C+intraspecific%5C+taxa%5C+of%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea%5C+or%5C+R.%5C+chinensis%5C+by%5C+different%5C+botanist.%5C+According%5C+to%5C+the%5C+morphological%5C+analyses%2C%5C+Hurst%5C+%5C%281941%5C%29%5C+inferred%5C+that%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+odorata%5C+was%5C+the%5C+hybrid%5C+between%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea%5C+and%5C+R.%5C+chinensis.%5C+Therefore%2C%5C+in%5C+order%5C+to%5C+clarify%5C+the%5C+right%5C+protective%5C+units%2C%5C+two%5C+single%5C-copy%5C+nuclear%5C+genes%5C+%5C%28GAPDH%5C+and%5C+ncpGS%5C%29%2C%5C+together%5C+with%5C+two%5C+plastid%5C+loci%5C+%5C%28trnL%5C-F%5C+and%5C+psbA%5C-trnH%5C%29%5C+were%5C+applied%5C+to%5C+study%5C+the%5C+hybrid%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+the%5C+three%5C+double%5C-petaled%5C+varieties%5C+and%5C+to%5C+identify%5C+their%5C+possible%5C+parents.%5C+Our%5C+data%5C+suggested%5C+the%5C+hybrid%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+the%5C+three%5C+double%5C-petaled%5C+varieties.%5C+We%5C+inferred%5C+that%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea%5C+could%5C+be%5C+the%5C+maternal%5C+parent%5C+and%5C+R.%5C+chinensis%5C+cultivars%5C+be%5C+the%5C+paternal%5C+parent.%5C+It%5C+is%5C+strongly%5C+suggested%5C+that%5C+the%5C+conservation%5C+of%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+is%5C+the%5C+conservation%5C+of%5C+its%5C+wild%5C+type%2C%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea.%5C+We%5C+first%5C+applied%5C+seven%5C+microsatellite%5C+loci%5C+%5C%28SSR%5C%29%5C+coupled%5C+with%5C+a%5C+single%5C-copy%5C+nuclear%5C+gene%5C+GAPDH%5C+to%5C+study%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+diversity%5C+and%5C+genetic%5C+structure%5C+of%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea.%5C+The%5C+main%5C+results%5C+are%5C+shown%5C+as%5C+follows%5C%3A1.%5C+Genetic%5C+diversity%EF%BC%9AR.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea%5C+maintains%5C+high%5C+degree%5C+of%5C+genetic%5C+diversity%5C+within%5C+and%5C+among%5C+populations%5C+%5C%28SSR%5C%3A%5C+HT%5C+%3D%5C+0.738%2C%5C+HS%5C+%3D%5C+0.569%2C%5C+AR%5C+%3D%5C+5.583%2C%5C+PPB%5C+%3D%5C+97.35%25%2C%5C+I%5C+%3D%5C+1.703%5C%3B%5C+GAPDH%5C%3A%5C+HT%5C+%3D%5C+0.739%2C%5C+HS%5C+%3D%5C+0.540%5C%29.%5C+We%5C+inferred%5C+that%2C%5C+outcrossing%2C%5C+long%5C-lived%5C+tree%5C+species%2C%5C+clonal%5C+reproduction%5C+and%5C+general%5C+intraspecies%5C+hybridization%5C+between%5C+individuals%2C%5C+have%5C+contributed%5C+to%5C+the%5C+high%5C+degree%5C+of%5C+genetic%5C+diversity%5C+in%5C+R.%5C+odorata%5C+var.%5C+gigantea.2.%5C+Genetic%5C+differentiation%5C+and%5C+genetic%5C+structure%EF%BC%9AThere%5C+was%5C+some%5C+degree%5C+of%5C+genetic%5C+differentiation%5C+among%5C+populations%5C+%5C%28SSR%5C%3A%5C+GST%5C+%3D%5C+0.229%2C%5C+FST%5C+%3D%5C+0.240%5C%3B%5C+GAPDH%5C%3A%5C+GST%5C+%3D%5C+0.269%5C%29.%5C+The%5C+geographic%5C+isolation%5C+limited%5C+the%5C+dispersal%5C+of%5C+pollen%5C+or%5C+seeds%2C%5C+which%5C+resulted%5C+in%5C+the%5C+limitation%5C+of%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+%5C%28Nm%5C+%3D%5C+0.792%5C%29.%5C+Then%2C%5C+the%5C+limited%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+should%5C+be%5C+accounted%5C+for%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+differentiation.%5C+Both%5C+the%5C+results%5C+of%5C+SSR%5C+data%5C+and%5C+haplotype%5C+analysis%5C+of%5C+GAPDH%5C+indicated%5C+that%2C%5C+the%5C+studied%5C+populations%5C+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of the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AFriends%5C+of%5C+the%5C+Royal%5C+Botanic%5C+Gardens%5C+Victoria"},{"jsname":"German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AGerman%5C+Academic%5C+Exchange%5C+Service%5C+%5C%28DAAD%5C%29"},{"jsname":"How has natural selection determined the evolution of gene regulation by acting on major regulatory factors? This question has been attractive to many evolutionary biologists for a long time. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous posttranscriptional repressors and play essential roles in diverse biological processes in plants. To understand how natural selection has targeted on the entire lay of miRNA regulatory modules during flower development, we resequenced 31 miRNA target sites involved in flower development from five rice populations. We found that purifying selection serves as a major evolutionary force to act on the conserved miRNA binding sites, leading to the globally reduced genetic variation in highly conserved miRNA binding sequences within the entire rice samples. Conversely, positive selection allows variations at nonconserved miRNA binding sites and acts on them in a population-specific behaviour. Further analysis revealed that the polymorphisms within target sites may serve as raw materials for diverse functions of miRNAs by means of the destabilization of duplex, abolishment of existing target sites, and creation of novel ones. Together, the above-mentioned results indicate that variations at conserved binding sites are likely deleterious during rice flower development, whereas variants at nonconserved binding sites may be conductive to flower development-related phenotypic diversities and rice population adaption to variable environmental conditions as well. To further assess functional effects and evolutionary significance of variable alleles at the target genes, we reported the detailed characterization of the haplotype and linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns of the entire target gene (LOC_Os01g18850，SPL 1) and the 1.4 Mb flanking regions in three rice populations, namely japonica, indica and O. rufipogon. The genetic profile of SNPs at target site and its flanking regions revealed high haplotype frequency, low haplotype diversity and strong LD in two cultivatedricepopulations. By contrast, we observed the opposite phenomena in O. rufipogon. Using the long-range haplotype (LRT) test, we found strong evidence of recent positive selection for SNP 3C/T alleles at target site in the combined O. sativa. Comparsion between the two rice subpopulations indicated that the major haplotype mh 2 containing SNP 3C accounts for half of all haplotypes in indica, while mh 3 containing SNP 3T is 91% in japonica. Moreover, the extent of LD is stronger in japonica than that in inidca. These differences suggest that independent evolutionary events may have occurred in target sequences of two cultivated rice populations and stronger positive selection acted on japonica. Next, we examined geographic distribution of polymorphic variants at target sites. We found that the major alleles SNP 3T and tightly linked SNP 4A in japonica appear to be associated with the adaption to the northern climates during rice flower development.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AHow%5C+has%5C+natural%5C+selection%5C+determined%5C+the%5C+evolution%5C+of%5C+gene%5C+regulation%5C+by%5C+acting%5C+on%5C+major%5C+regulatory%5C+factors%5C%3F%5C+This%5C+question%5C+has%5C+been%5C+attractive%5C+to%5C+many%5C+evolutionary%5C+biologists%5C+for%5C+a%5C+long%5C+time.%5C+MicroRNAs%5C+%5C%28miRNAs%5C%29%5C+are%5C+endogenous%5C+posttranscriptional%5C+repressors%5C+and%5C+play%5C+essential%5C+roles%5C+in%5C+diverse%5C+biological%5C+processes%5C+in%5C+plants.%5C+To%5C+understand%5C+how%5C+natural%5C+selection%5C+has%5C+targeted%5C+on%5C+the%5C+entire%5C+lay%5C+of%5C+miRNA%5C+regulatory%5C+modules%5C+during%5C+flower%5C+development%2C%5C+we%5C+resequenced%5C+31%5C+miRNA%5C+target%5C+sites%5C+involved%5C+in%5C+flower%5C+development%5C+from%5C+five%5C+rice%5C+populations.%5C+We%5C+found%5C+that%5C+purifying%5C+selection%5C+serves%5C+as%5C+a%5C+major%5C+evolutionary%5C+force%5C+to%5C+act%5C+on%5C+the%5C+conserved%5C+miRNA%5C+binding%5C+sites%2C%5C+leading%5C+to%5C+the%5C+globally%5C+reduced%5C+genetic%5C+variation%5C+in%5C+highly%5C+conserved%5C+miRNA%5C+binding%5C+sequences%5C+within%5C+the%5C+entire%5C+rice%5C+samples.%5C+Conversely%2C%5C+positive%5C+selection%5C+allows%5C+variations%5C+at%5C+nonconserved%5C+miRNA%5C+binding%5C+sites%5C+and%5C+acts%5C+on%5C+them%5C+in%5C+a%5C+population%5C-specific%5C+behaviour.%5C+Further%5C+analysis%5C+revealed%5C+that%5C+the%5C+polymorphisms%5C+within%5C+target%5C+sites%5C+may%5C+serve%5C+as%5C+raw%5C+materials%5C+for%5C+diverse%5C+functions%5C+of%5C+miRNAs%5C+by%5C+means%5C+of%5C+the%5C+destabilization%5C+of%5C+duplex%2C%5C+abolishment%5C+of%5C+existing%5C+target%5C+sites%2C%5C+and%5C+creation%5C+of%5C+novel%5C+ones.%5C+Together%2C%5C+the%5C+above%5C-mentioned%5C+results%5C+indicate%5C+that%5C+variations%5C+at%5C+conserved%5C+binding%5C+sites%5C+are%5C+likely%5C+deleterious%5C+during%5C+rice%5C+flower%5C+development%2C%5C+whereas%5C+variants%5C+at%5C+nonconserved%5C+binding%5C+sites%5C+may%5C+be%5C+conductive%5C+to%5C+flower%5C+development%5C-related%5C+phenotypic%5C+diversities%5C+and%5C+rice%5C+population%5C+adaption%5C+to%5C+variable%5C+environmental%5C+conditions%5C+as%5C+well.%5C+To%5C+further%5C+assess%5C+functional%5C+effects%5C+and%5C+evolutionary%5C+significance%5C+of%5C+variable%5C+alleles%5C+at%5C+the%5C+target%5C+genes%2C%5C+we%5C+reported%5C+the%5C+detailed%5C+characterization%5C+of%5C+the%5C+haplotype%5C+and%5C+linkage%5C+disequilibrium%5C+%5C%28LD%5C%29%5C+patterns%5C+of%5C+the%5C+entire%5C+target%5C+gene%5C+%5C%28LOC_Os01g18850%EF%BC%8CSPL%5C+1%5C%29%5C+and%5C+the%5C+1.4%5C+Mb%5C+flanking%5C+regions%5C+in%5C+three%5C+rice%5C+populations%2C%5C+namely%5C+japonica%2C%5C+indica%5C+and%5C+O.%5C+rufipogon.%5C+The%5C+genetic%5C+profile%5C+of%5C+SNPs%5C+at%5C+target%5C+site%5C+and%5C+its%5C+flanking%5C+regions%5C+revealed%5C+high%5C+haplotype%5C+frequency%2C%5C+low%5C+haplotype%5C+diversity%5C+and%5C+strong%5C+LD%5C+in%5C+two%5C+cultivatedricepopulations.%5C+By%5C+contrast%2C%5C+we%5C+observed%5C+the%5C+opposite%5C+phenomena%5C+in%5C+O.%5C+rufipogon.%5C+Using%5C+the%5C+long%5C-range%5C+haplotype%5C+%5C%28LRT%5C%29%5C+test%2C%5C+we%5C+found%5C+strong%5C+evidence%5C+of%5C+recent%5C+positive%5C+selection%5C+for%5C+SNP%5C+3C%5C%2FT%5C+alleles%5C+at%5C+target%5C+site%5C+in%5C+the%5C+combined%5C+O.%5C+sativa.%5C+Comparsion%5C+between%5C+the%5C+two%5C+rice%5C+subpopulations%5C+indicated%5C+that%5C+the%5C+major%5C+haplotype%5C+mh%5C+2%5C+containing%5C+SNP%5C+3C%5C+accounts%5C+for%5C+half%5C+of%5C+all%5C+haplotypes%5C+in%5C+indica%2C%5C+while%5C+mh%5C+3%5C+containing%5C+SNP%5C+3T%5C+is%5C+91%25%5C+in%5C+japonica.%5C+Moreover%2C%5C+the%5C+extent%5C+of%5C+LD%5C+is%5C+stronger%5C+in%5C+japonica%5C+than%5C+that%5C+in%5C+inidca.%5C+These%5C+differences%5C+suggest%5C+that%5C+independent%5C+evolutionary%5C+events%5C+may%5C+have%5C+occurred%5C+in%5C+target%5C+sequences%5C+of%5C+two%5C+cultivated%5C+rice%5C+populations%5C+and%5C+stronger%5C+positive%5C+selection%5C+acted%5C+on%5C+japonica.%5C+Next%2C%5C+we%5C+examined%5C+geographic%5C+distribution%5C+of%5C+polymorphic%5C+variants%5C+at%5C+target%5C+sites.%5C+We%5C+found%5C+that%5C+the%5C+major%5C+alleles%5C+SNP%5C+3T%5C+and%5C+tightly%5C+linked%5C+SNP%5C+4A%5C+in%5C+japonica%5C+appear%5C+to%5C+be%5C+associated%5C+with%5C+the%5C+adaption%5C+to%5C+the%5C+northern%5C+climates%5C+during%5C+rice%5C+flower%5C+development."},{"jsname":"In the present study, we focused on “Pterygiella complex”, included Pterygiella Oliver, Xizangia D.Y. Hong, Phtheirospermum Bunge ex Fischer & C.A. Meyer, and Pseudobartsia D.Y. Hong, which is endemic to Eastern Asia. Based on chloroplast and nuclear sequences, we explored their phylogeny relationships within Orobanchaceae, the species relations within Pterygiella, and fruit and seed morphology of traditional tribe Rhinantheae. The phylogeny of “Pterygiella complex” was reconstructed based on nuclear and chloroplast sequences within the family Orobanchaceae. The genera relationship within the complex was reconstructed based on chloroplast sequences of atpB-rbcL, atpH-I, psbA-trnH, rpl16, trnL-F and trnS-G. The results showed that “Pterygiella complex” was not a natural group and could be divided into two different clades. Clade I included most taxa, e.g. Pterygiella, Xizangia, Pseudobartsia, Phtheirospermum (exclude P. japonicum). The species of this clade were endemic to East-Himalaya and Hengduan Mountains region. Clade II included Phtheirospermum japonicum (Thunberg) Kanitz, which was a heterogeneous member in genus Phtheirospermum and should be treated as a new monotypic genus. The results supported that Pterygiella bartschioides Hand.-Mazz. and Phtheirospermum glandulosum Benth. should be elevated to genus level as Xizangia and Pseudobartsia, respectively.Furthermore, we focused on the genus Pterygiella to explore the species’ circumscription by molecular phylogeny, DNA barcodes and morphological studies. The results suggested that Pterygiella should divide into three clades. P. duclouxii was divided into clade I and clade II, and P. nigrescens was included the clade I of these P. duclouxii taxa, with which it shares eglandular hairs on the stem. Clade III included P. suffruticosa and P. cylindrica, while the level of inter- and intra-species variation in two species did not support their distinction. Therefore, P. suffruticosa should move into or considered as a variety of P. cylindrica. The form of stem, leaf veins and the indumentum of stems are key traits for circumscribing the species within the genus. By comparing the effectiveness with core DNA barcodes, ITS-2 can be used as suitable DNA barcode in the genus Pterygiella.Fruit and seed characteristics of 49 species in 21 genera of the tribe Rhinantheae and 9 species in 9 genera of Orobachaceae were examined. 25 characters were selected and analyzed by principal component analysis for discovering the systematic significances. The results suggested four main types and six subtypes were distinguished based on gross seed coat appearance, inner tangential wall and thickenings of radial wall. Fruit and seed data reflect the close relationships within “Pterygiella complex”. While, Xizangia was distinctly different from Pterygiella. Phtheirospermum tenuisectum was more similar to the member of section minutisepala within the genus Phtheiroseprmum. Phtheirospermum japonicum was heterogeneous within the genus Phtheirospermum. On the whole, fruit and seed data supported Xizangia and Pseudobartsia as a genus rank and Phtheirospermum japonicum was a heterogeneous member in Phtheirospermum","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=Micro-evolution&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AIn%5C+the%5C+present%5C+study%2C%5C+we%5C+focused%5C+on%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D%2C%5C+included%5C+Pterygiella%5C+Oliver%2C%5C+Xizangia%5C+D.Y.%5C+Hong%2C%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+Bunge%5C+ex%5C+Fischer%5C+%5C%26%5C+C.A.%5C+Meyer%2C%5C+and%5C+Pseudobartsia%5C+D.Y.%5C+Hong%2C%5C+which%5C+is%5C+endemic%5C+to%5C+Eastern%5C+Asia.%5C+Based%5C+on%5C+chloroplast%5C+and%5C+nuclear%5C+sequences%2C%5C+we%5C+explored%5C+their%5C+phylogeny%5C+relationships%5C+within%5C+Orobanchaceae%2C%5C+the%5C+species%5C+relations%5C+within%5C+Pterygiella%2C%5C+and%5C+fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+morphology%5C+of%5C+traditional%5C+tribe%5C+Rhinantheae.%5C+The%5C+phylogeny%5C+of%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D%5C+was%5C+reconstructed%5C+based%5C+on%5C+nuclear%5C+and%5C+chloroplast%5C+sequences%5C+within%5C+the%5C+family%5C+Orobanchaceae.%5C+The%5C+genera%5C+relationship%5C+within%5C+the%5C+complex%5C+was%5C+reconstructed%5C+based%5C+on%5C+chloroplast%5C+sequences%5C+of%5C+atpB%5C-rbcL%2C%5C+atpH%5C-I%2C%5C+psbA%5C-trnH%2C%5C+rpl16%2C%5C+trnL%5C-F%5C+and%5C+trnS%5C-G.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+showed%5C+that%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D%5C+was%5C+not%5C+a%5C+natural%5C+group%5C+and%5C+could%5C+be%5C+divided%5C+into%5C+two%5C+different%5C+clades.%5C+Clade%5C+I%5C+included%5C+most%5C+taxa%2C%5C+e.g.%5C+Pterygiella%2C%5C+Xizangia%2C%5C+Pseudobartsia%2C%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+%5C%28exclude%5C+P.%5C+japonicum%5C%29.%5C+The%5C+species%5C+of%5C+this%5C+clade%5C+were%5C+endemic%5C+to%5C+East%5C-Himalaya%5C+and%5C+Hengduan%5C+Mountains%5C+region.%5C+Clade%5C+II%5C+included%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+japonicum%5C+%5C%28Thunberg%5C%29%5C+Kanitz%2C%5C+which%5C+was%5C+a%5C+heterogeneous%5C+member%5C+in%5C+genus%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+and%5C+should%5C+be%5C+treated%5C+as%5C+a%5C+new%5C+monotypic%5C+genus.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+supported%5C+that%5C+Pterygiella%5C+bartschioides%5C+Hand.%5C-Mazz.%5C+and%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+glandulosum%5C+Benth.%5C+should%5C+be%5C+elevated%5C+to%5C+genus%5C+level%5C+as%5C+Xizangia%5C+and%5C+Pseudobartsia%2C%5C+respectively.Furthermore%2C%5C+we%5C+focused%5C+on%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Pterygiella%5C+to%5C+explore%5C+the%5C+species%E2%80%99%5C+circumscription%5C+by%5C+molecular%5C+phylogeny%2C%5C+DNA%5C+barcodes%5C+and%5C+morphological%5C+studies.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+suggested%5C+that%5C+Pterygiella%5C+should%5C+divide%5C+into%5C+three%5C+clades.%5C+P.%5C+duclouxii%5C+was%5C+divided%5C+into%5C+clade%5C+I%5C+and%5C+clade%5C+II%2C%5C+and%5C+P.%5C+nigrescens%5C+was%5C+included%5C+the%5C+clade%5C+I%5C+of%5C+these%5C+P.%5C+duclouxii%5C+taxa%2C%5C+with%5C+which%5C+it%5C+shares%5C+eglandular%5C+hairs%5C+on%5C+the%5C+stem.%5C+Clade%5C+III%5C+included%5C+P.%5C+suffruticosa%5C+and%5C+P.%5C+cylindrica%2C%5C+while%5C+the%5C+level%5C+of%5C+inter%5C-%5C+and%5C+intra%5C-species%5C+variation%5C+in%5C+two%5C+species%5C+did%5C+not%5C+support%5C+their%5C+distinction.%5C+Therefore%2C%5C+P.%5C+suffruticosa%5C+should%5C+move%5C+into%5C+or%5C+considered%5C+as%5C+a%5C+variety%5C+of%5C+P.%5C+cylindrica.%5C+The%5C+form%5C+of%5C+stem%2C%5C+leaf%5C+veins%5C+and%5C+the%5C+indumentum%5C+of%5C+stems%5C+are%5C+key%5C+traits%5C+for%5C+circumscribing%5C+the%5C+species%5C+within%5C+the%5C+genus.%5C+By%5C+comparing%5C+the%5C+effectiveness%5C+with%5C+core%5C+DNA%5C+barcodes%2C%5C+ITS%5C-2%5C+can%5C+be%5C+used%5C+as%5C+suitable%5C+DNA%5C+barcode%5C+in%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Pterygiella.Fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+characteristics%5C+of%5C+49%5C+species%5C+in%5C+21%5C+genera%5C+of%5C+the%5C+tribe%5C+Rhinantheae%5C+and%5C+9%5C+species%5C+in%5C+9%5C+genera%5C+of%5C+Orobachaceae%5C+were%5C+examined.%5C+25%5C+characters%5C+were%5C+selected%5C+and%5C+analyzed%5C+by%5C+principal%5C+component%5C+analysis%5C+for%5C+discovering%5C+the%5C+systematic%5C+significances.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+suggested%5C+four%5C+main%5C+types%5C+and%5C+six%5C+subtypes%5C+were%5C+distinguished%5C+based%5C+on%5C+gross%5C+seed%5C+coat%5C+appearance%2C%5C+inner%5C+tangential%5C+wall%5C+and%5C+thickenings%5C+of%5C+radial%5C+wall.%5C+Fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+data%5C+reflect%5C+the%5C+close%5C+relationships%5C+within%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D.%5C+While%2C%5C+Xizangia%5C+was%5C+distinctly%5C+different%5C+from%5C+Pterygiella.%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+tenuisectum%5C+was%5C+more%5C+similar%5C+to%5C+the%5C+member%5C+of%5C+section%5C+minutisepala%5C+within%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Phtheiroseprmum.%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+japonicum%5C+was%5C+heterogeneous%5C+within%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Phtheirospermum.%5C+On%5C+the%5C+whole%2C%5C+fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+data%5C+supported%5C+Xizangia%5C+and%5C+Pseudobartsia%5C+as%5C+a%5C+genus%5C+rank%5C+and%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+japonicum%5C+was%5C+a%5C+heterogeneous%5C+member%5C+in%5C+Phtheirospermum"},{"jsname":"lastIndexed","jscount":"2025-06-04"}],"资助项目","dc.project.title_filter")'>
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期刊影响因子升序
期刊影响因子降序
Evolutionary ecology of plant-plant interactions
期刊论文
出版物, 3111, 页码: 1-144
作者:
Zuo Z(作者)
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浏览/下载：428/4
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提交时间：2017/07/19
Fundamental issues insystems biology
期刊论文
Problems & paradigms, 3111, 页码: 1270–1276
作者:
Sayaka Taji
;
Takeshi Yamada
;
Yasuko In
;
Shun-ichi Wada
;
Yoshihide Usami
;
Kazuo Sakuma
;
Reiko Tanaka
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浏览/下载：277/1
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提交时间：2017/07/19
Increased Catalytic Efficiency following Gene Fusion of Bifunctional MethionineSulfoxide Reductase Enzymes from Shewanella oneidensis
期刊论文
Biochemistry, 3111, 页码: 1—9
作者:
C.B. Li
;
D.M. Zhang
;
S. Ge
;
D.Y. Hong
Adobe PDF(436Kb)
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浏览/下载：310/1
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提交时间：2017/07/19
High-quality Cymbidium mannii genome and multifaceted regulation of crassulacean acid metabolism in epiphytes
期刊论文
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS, 2023, 卷号: 4, 期号: 5, 页码: 100564
作者:
Fan,Weishu
;
He,Zheng-Shan
;
Zhe,Mengqing
;
Feng,Jing-Qiu
;
Zhang,Le
;
Huang,Yiwei
;
Liu,Fang
;
Huang,Jia-Lin
;
Ya,Ji-Dong
;
Zhang,Shi-Bao
;
Yang,Jun-Bo
;
Zhu,Andan
;
Li,De-Zhu
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浏览/下载：216/59
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提交时间：2024/07/17
epiphytes
CAM photosynthesis
multi-omics
phase shifts
rhythmic metabolites
MASS-SPECTROMETRY
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
WIDE PREDICTION
EVOLUTION
CAM
SEQUENCE
ANNOTATION
ALIGNMENT
PATHWAYS
ORCHIDS
Seed morphology of Hypericum (Hypericaceae) in China and its taxonomic significance
期刊论文
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE, 2023
作者:
Bai,Rui-Zhu
;
Zhao,Fei
;
Drew,Bryan T.
;
Xu,Gang
;
Cai,Jie
;
Shen,Shi-Kang
;
Xiang,Chun-Lei
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提交时间：2024/07/10
Hypericeae
Malpighiales
micromorphology
seed surface ornamentation
taxonomy
ST-JOHNS-WORT
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS
SYSTEMATIC SIGNIFICANCE
MICROMORPHOLOGY
CHARACTERS
DEPRESSION
EVOLUTION
Habitat-related plastome evolution in the mycoheterotrophic Neottia listeroides complex (Orchidaceae, Neottieae)
期刊论文
BMC PLANT BIOLOGY, 2023, 卷号: 23, 期号: 1, 页码: 282
作者:
Shao,Bing-Yi
;
Wang,Mo-Zhu
;
Chen,Si-Si
;
Ya,Ji-Dong
;
Jin,Xiao-Hua
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提交时间：2024/05/09
Mycoheterotrophy
Neottia listeroides complex
Chloroplast genomes
Micro-evolution
MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT
SYMBIOTIC GERMINATION
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
SPECIES ORCHIDACEAE
EPIDENDROIDEAE
GENOME
GASTRODIEAE
REDUCTION
PLANTS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms
期刊论文
nature plants, 2021
作者:
Gregory W. Stull
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提交时间：2021/08/23
High-quality evergreen azalea genome reveals tandem duplication-facilitated low-altitude adaptability and floral scent evolution
期刊论文
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, 2021, 卷号: 19, 期号: 12, 页码: 2544-2560
作者:
Wang,Xiuyun
;
Gao,Yuan
;
Wu,Xiaopei
;
Wen,Xiaohui
;
Li,Danqing
;
Zhou,Hong
;
Li,Zheng
;
Liu,Bing
;
Wei,Jianfen
;
Chen,Fei
;
Chen,Feng
;
Zhang,Chengjun
;
Zhang,Liangsheng
;
Xia,Yiping
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浏览/下载：211/0
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提交时间：2022/04/02
Azalea
Rhododendron ovatum
altitude
adaptability
floral scent
terpene synthase (TPS)
tandem duplication
defence response
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
TERPENE SYNTHASES
PLANT VOLATILES
SALICYLIC-ACID
JASMONIC ACID
WHOLE-GENOME
GENE
DIVERSITY
TOOL
TRANSCRIPTOME
Phylogenomic conflict coincides with rapid morphological innovation
期刊论文
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2021, 卷号: 118, 期号: 19, 页码: e2023058118
作者:
Parins-Fukuchi,Caroline
;
Stull,Gregory W.
;
Smith,Stephen A.
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提交时间：2022/04/02
phylogenomics
morphological evolution
gene-tree discordance
tempo and mode
molecular evolution
GENE TREE DISCORDANCE
FOSSIL FLOWERS
SEED PLANTS
CARYOPHYLLALES
EVOLUTION
ORIGIN
ANCIENT
ROOT
LIFE
DIVERSIFICATION
Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau: a mycological hotspot
期刊论文
PHYTOTAXA, 2021, 卷号: 523, 期号: 1, 页码: 1-31
作者:
Wijayawardene,Nalin N.
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Dissanayake,Lakmali S.
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Dai,Dong-Qi
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Li,Qi-Rui
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Xiao,Yuanpin
;
Wen,Ting-Chi
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Karunarathna,Samantha C.
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Wu,Hai-Xia
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Zhang,Huang
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Tibpromma,Saowaluck
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Kang,Ji-Chuan
;
Wang,Yong
;
Shen,Xiang-Chun
;
Tang,Li-Zhou
;
Deng,Chun-Ying
;
Liu,Yanxia
;
Kang,Yingqian
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提交时间：2022/04/02
2 new species
polyphasic approach
six new records
species diversity
taxonomy
MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT
SP-NOV
PHYLOGENETIC CLASSIFICATION
ENTOMOPATHOGENIC GENUS
MULTIGENE PHYLOGENY
FUNGI
CORDYCEPS
GENERA
DIVERSITY
LINEAGES
