Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota)

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103457

	Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota)
	Ge, Zai-Wei1,2,3,4 ; Yang, Zhu L.1 ; Pfister, Donald H.2,3; Carbone, Matteo ; Bau, Tolgor 5; Smith, Matthew E.4; Ge, ZW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; zaiweige@gmail.com ; fungi@mail.kib.ac.cn
	2014-08-01
发表期刊	PLOS ONE
ISSN	1932-6203
卷号	9 期号:8 页码:e103457
摘要	The family Cudoniaceae (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) was erected to accommodate the "earth tongue fungi" in the genera Cudonia and Spathularia. There have been no recent taxonomic studies of these genera, and the evolutionary relationships within and among these fungi are largely unknown. Here we explore the molecular phylogenetic relationships within Cudonia and Spathularia using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses based on 111 collections from across the Northern Hemisphere. Phylogenies based on the combined data from ITS, nrLSU, rpb2 and tef-1 alpha sequences support the monophyly of three main clades, the /flavida, /velutipes, and /cudonia clades. The genus Cudonia and the family Cudoniaceae are supported as monophyletic groups, while the genus Spathularia is not monophyletic. Although Cudoniaceae is monophyletic, our analyses agree with previous studies that this family is nested within the Rhytismataceae. Our phylogenetic analyses circumscribes 32 species-level clades, including the putative recognition of 23 undescribed phylogenetic species. Our molecular phylogeny also revealed an unexpectedly high species diversity of Cudonia and Spathularia in eastern Asia, with 16 (out of 21) species-level clades of Cudonia and 8 (out of 11) species-level clades of Spathularia. We estimate that the divergence time of the Cudoniaceae was in the Paleogene approximately 28 Million years ago (Mya) and that the ancestral area for this group of fungi was in Eastern Asia based on the current data. We hypothesize that the large-scale geological and climatic events in Oligocene (e. g. the global cooling and the uplift of the Tibetan plateau) may have triggered evolutionary radiations in this group of fungi in East Asia. This work provides a foundation for future studies on the phylogeny, diversity, and evolution of Cudonia and Spathularia and highlights the need for more molecular studies on collections from Europe and North America.
关键词	Eocene-oligocene Transition Ribosomal Dna-sequences True Morels Morchella Historical Biogeography Northern-hemisphere Species Recognition Divergence Times Rdna Phylogeny Evolution China
学科领域	Multidisciplinary Sciences
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0103457
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000339819800045
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/18281
专题	中国科学院东亚植物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室
通讯作者	Ge, ZW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; zaiweige@gmail.com; fungi@mail.kib.ac.cn
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China 2.Harvard Univ, Harvard Univ Herbaria, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 3.Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 4.Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA 5.Jilin Agr Univ, Inst Mycol, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ge, Zai-Wei,Yang, Zhu L.,Pfister, Donald H.,et al. Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota)[J]. PLOS ONE,2014,9(8):e103457.
APA	Ge, Zai-Wei.,Yang, Zhu L..,Pfister, Donald H..,Carbone, Matteo.,Bau, Tolgor.,...&fungi@mail.kib.ac.cn.(2014).Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota).PLOS ONE,9(8),e103457.
MLA	Ge, Zai-Wei,et al."Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota)".PLOS ONE 9.8(2014):e103457.

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