中国-喜马拉雅植物区系热带成分的形成与演化机制

	中国-喜马拉雅植物区系热带成分的形成与演化机制; Formation and evolution mechanisms of tropical components in the Sino-Himalaya flora
	黄先寒
导师	孙航、邓涛和王跃华
摘要	Species are extremely rich and the geographical components are complex in the Sino-Himalaya flora that is always viewed as the significant center of the diversification and distribution of the flora of East Asia, even the temperate flora of Northern Hemisphere. Tropical component is an important part of the geographical component of the Sino-Himalaya flora. Study on the formation and evolutionary history of the tropical component is instrumental in understanding the origination and formation of distribution pattern of the floristic component, which will contribute to answer the significant theoretical questions of biogeographical origin of plant diversity in the region. This study analyzes the mechanisms of origination and formation of biogeographical pattern of Urticeae (Urticaceae) and Berchemia (Rhamnaceae), and reveals the origination and formation of modern geographical pattern of the tropical component of the Sino-Himalaya flora, including pantropic, tropical Asia and America disjuncted, tropical Asia to tropical Australasia, tropical Asia to tropical Africa and tropical Asia. Detailed results are as follows: 1. Biogeography of Urticeae The tribe Urticeae include 12 genera and ca. 200 species, constituting a diverse and cosmopolitan plant clade centered in tropical Asia, Africa, and South America. Based on the nuclear ITS and four plastid DNA regions of 115 Urticeae accessions representing 91 species, the phylogeny and ancestral areas were reconstructed and the divergence times were inferred in this tribe. In this study, the monophyly of many genera of Urticeae were well supported. The stem and crown group of this tribe likely originated in tropical Asia. Migration events to Eurasia, South America and Africa occurred mainly during the Oligocene and Miocene. And long-distance dispersal events, including dispersals from Asia to Hawaii or Australasia, were inferred to have mainly occurred from the Miocene onwards. The origination of tropical component related to Urticeae are as follows: 1) The stem group of pantropic Laportea II originated in tropical Asia in 53.70 Ma, and then existed throughout tropical Asia, Eurasia and Africa during the late Oligocene, with subsequent dispersal / vicariance across the globe. 2) The stem group of Dendrocnide with the disjunct distribution of tropical Asia and tropical Australasia originated in tropical Asia to tropical Australasia in 23.66 Ma, and then was affected by vicariance during the late Miocene. 3) The stem group of Girardinia with the disjunct distribution of tropical Asia to tropical Africa originated in tropical Asia in 50.11 Ma, and then migrated to Eurasia and Africa from Miocene on. 4) The stem group of Poikilospermum distributed in tropical Asia originated in tropical Asia in 19.34 Ma, and its later diversification was likely related to the uplift of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and the establishment and enhancement of Asian monsoons. 2. Biogeography of Berchemia Berchemia, comprising 32 s
	2020-05
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74133
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	黄先寒. 中国-喜马拉雅植物区系热带成分的形成与演化机制, Formation and evolution mechanisms of tropical components in the Sino-Himalaya flora[D],2020.

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