A chromosome-scale Gastrodia elata genome and large-scale comparative genomic analysis indicate convergent evolution by gene loss in mycoheterotrophic and parasitic plants

doi:10.1111/tpj.15528

KIB OpenIR

	A chromosome-scale Gastrodia elata genome and large-scale comparative genomic analysis indicate convergent evolution by gene loss in mycoheterotrophic and parasitic plants
	Xu,Yuxing ; Lei,Yunting ; Su,Zhongxiang ; Zhao,Man ; Zhang,Jingxiong ; Shen,Guojing ; Wang,Lei; Li,Jing; Qi,Jinfeng ; Wu,Jianqiang
	2021
Source Publication	PLANT JOURNAL
ISSN	0960-7412
Volume	108 Issue:6 Pages:1609-1623
Abstract	Mycoheterotrophic and parasitic plants are heterotrophic and parasitize on fungi and plants, respectively, to obtain nutrients. Large-scale comparative genomics analysis has not been conducted in mycoheterotrophic or parasitic plants or between these two groups of parasites. We assembled a chromosome-level genome of the fully mycoheterotrophic plant Gastrodia elata (Orchidaceae) and performed comparative genomic analyses on the genomes of G. elata and four orchids (initial mycoheterotrophs), three parasitic plants (Cuscuta australis, Striga asiatica, and Sapria himalayana), and 36 autotrophs from various angiosperm lineages. It was found that while in the hemiparasite S. asiatica and initial mycoheterotrophic orchids, approximately 4-5% of the conserved orthogroups were lost, the fully heterotrophic G. elata and C. australis both lost approximately 10% of the conserved orthogroups, indicating that increased heterotrophy is positively associated with gene loss. Importantly, many genes that are essential for autotrophs, including those involved in photosynthesis, the circadian clock, flowering time regulation, immunity, nutrient uptake, and root and leaf development, were convergently lost in both G. elata and C. australis. The high-quality genome of G. elata will facilitate future studies on the physiology, ecology, and evolution of mycoheterotrophic plants, and our findings highlight the critical role of gene loss in the evolution of plants with heterotrophic lifestyles.
Keyword	Gastrodia elata mycoheterotrophic plant parasitic plant gene loss convergent evolution BIOSYNTHESIS VITAMIN-K-1 TRANSPORT SYMBIOSIS ACID
DOI	10.1111/tpj.15528
WOS ID	WOS:000710865200001
Citation statistics	Cited Times:18[WOS] [WOS Record] [Related Records in WOS]
Document Type	期刊论文
Identifier	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/73209
Collection	中国科学院昆明植物研究所
Affiliation	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Dept Econ Plants & Biotechnol, Yunnan Key Lab Wild Plant Resources, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China 2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Ctr Excellence Biot Interact, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714	Xu,Yuxing,Lei,Yunting,Su,Zhongxiang,et al. A chromosome-scale Gastrodia elata genome and large-scale comparative genomic analysis indicate convergent evolution by gene loss in mycoheterotrophic and parasitic plants[J]. PLANT JOURNAL,2021,108(6):1609-1623.
APA	Xu,Yuxing.,Lei,Yunting.,Su,Zhongxiang.,Zhao,Man.,Zhang,Jingxiong.,...&Wu,Jianqiang.(2021).A chromosome-scale Gastrodia elata genome and large-scale comparative genomic analysis indicate convergent evolution by gene loss in mycoheterotrophic and parasitic plants.PLANT JOURNAL,108(6),1609-1623.
MLA	Xu,Yuxing,et al."A chromosome-scale Gastrodia elata genome and large-scale comparative genomic analysis indicate convergent evolution by gene loss in mycoheterotrophic and parasitic plants".PLANT JOURNAL 108.6(2021):1609-1623.

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