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中国科学院昆明植物研究所知识管理系统
Knowledge Management System of Kunming Institute of Botany,CAS
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昆明植物所硕博研... [275]
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中国科学院东亚植物... [74]
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Yang Yongp... [8]
段元文 [5]
李德铢 [3]
彭华 [3]
税玉民 [3]
Feng Shi [3]
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云南植物研究 [115]
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GST, P < 0.05) were exhibited by this species. The SAMOVA revealed seven diverging groups of related chlorotypes, six of them had distinct nonoverlapping geographical ranges: one in the northeast comprising 10 populations, a second with a southeast distribution comprising 22 populations, and the remaning four groups comprising 15 populations located in the west part of the species’ range along different river valleys. The genetic clustering of populations into three regions was also supported by analysis of molecular variance, which showed that most genetic variation (82.43%) was found among these three regions. Two clusters were distinguished by both phylogenetic analysis and genealogical analysis of chlorotypes, one consisting of chlorotypes from the western region and the second consisting of those from the eastern region. Significant genetic differences between the two regions might be attributed to vicariance and restricted gene flow, and this vicariance could be explained by the physical environmental heterogeneity on each side of the Tanaka-Kaiyong Line. Following the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, the reorganization of the major river drainages was primarily caused by river separation and capture events. These historical events could change the distribution of S. davidii from fragmented to continuous (Upper/Lower Jinshajiang and Yalongjiang/Daduhe), and from continuous to fragmented (Nujiang and Jinshajiang/Honghe). However, spatial and temporal patterns of phylogeographic divergence are strongly associated with historical disjunction rather than modern drainage connections. Moreover, the following north-south split in the eastern region and effective isolation with their genetic diversity were essentially modelled by genetic drift. The higher chlorotype richness and genetic divergence for populations in western region compared with other two regions suggests that there were multipe refugia or in situ survival of S. davidii in the Himalayan-Hengduan Mountain region. Fixation of chlorotypes in the northeastern region and near fixation in the southeastern region suggest a recent colonization of these areas. We further found that this species underwent past range expansion around 37-303 thousand years ago (kya). The southeastern populations likely experienced a demographic expansion via unidirectional gene flow along rivers, while northeastern populations underwent a more northward expansion, both from initial populations (s) (21, 22, 23) preserved on eastern refugia (Jinshajiang). This process might have been accompanied with a series of founder effects or bottlenecks making populations genetically impoverished. 3. Phylogeographic analysisbased on nuclear sequence，We sequenced the nuclear (ncpGS) region in all populations sampled, recovering 23 nuclear haplotypes. Compared to cpDNA, both NST (0.470) and GST (0.338) were relatively lower, but NST was also significantly larger than GST. 37.10% of the total variation was distributed among regions which was much lower than that shown by chlorotypes. Thus, more extensive distribution of nuclear haplotypes was exhibited across the geographical range instead of the strong population subdivision observed in chlorotypes. Similarly to the chloroplast data, we found that genetic differentiation of nDNA was positively correlated with the geographical distance, but the increase in the geographical distance between populations did not increase the genetic differentiation of nDNA as rapidly as that of cpDNA. These contrasting levels between the chloroplast and nuclear genomes of S. davidii are likely due to limited gene flow of cpDNA by seeds vs. the extensive gene flow of nDNA by wind-mediated pollen in the population history. We also determined from nuclear markers that haplotype diversity was reduced in the southeastern and northeastern regions due to the loss of rare haplotypes in western region. This reduction of gene diversity is also a signature of founder events or recent bottleneck during post-glacial colonization. However, nuclear diversity within populations remains high. This provides evidence that regionally pollen flow might be sufficiently high to blur the genetic identity of founder populations over a reasonably large spatial scale.3. Relationships among three varieties，The phylogenetic analysis identified two phylogroups of chlorotypes, corresponding to S. davidii var. davidii and var. chuansinesis. The former was distinguished by the abscence of predonminant nuclear haplotype H1 of the latter. The monophyletic group of chlorotypes in var. davidii and var. liangshanesis showed their relatively close relationship. And their genetic divergence from the third variety appears to be relative to their slight morphological difference in leaf size and the divergent environmental niche spaces they occupy. Thus, the observed differences in morphological characters between var. chuansinesis and other two varieties can be explained by the seed dispersal limitation illustrated above (as inferred by geographical separation) and by environmental heterogeneity (as inferred by precipitation or elevation) or by a combination of both. After all, the geological changes, drainage reorganization, and floristic differences following the Himalayan uplift have been suggested to affect the genetic structure of S. davidii. These results provide new insights into the phylogeographic pattern of plants in China. In addition, the unique population genetic structure found in S. davidii has provided important insights into the evolutionary history of this species. The genetic profile uncovered in this study is also critical for its conservation management. Our study has uncovered the existence of at least two ‘evolutionary significant units’ independent units within S. davidii, corresponding to var. davidii from eastern region and var. chuansinensis from western region. The conservation efforts should first focus on most western populations and on the southeastern ones exhibiting high levels of genetic diversity, while the genetically homogeneous northeastern populations located in the degraded Loess Plateau should require much greater conservation 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Xianfeng flora and its palaeoclimte were studied using three quantitative methods. The vegetation and climatic change in Yunnan were also discussed in this paper. The results are summarized as follows:1） 34 species belonging to 9 families, 21 genera were identified in Xianfeng flora. The dominant families are Fagaceae and Lauraceae. Most genera are tropic and subtropic distribution. Consequently, Xianfeng flora is a typical subtropic flora dominanted by Fagaceae and Lauraceae.2）Two new coniferous species were identified, Pinus prekesiya and Tsuga miodumosa. P. prekesiya sp. nov., which belongs to subsection Pinus of subgenus Pinus shows a combination of characters of P. kesiya and P. yunnanensis, but has a closer affinity with P. kesiya which distributes in the humid region of Yunnan and therefore suggests a more humid climate in central Yunnan during the late Miocene than today. The general cooling trend during the late Neogene and topographic change due to the dramatic Tibetan uplift might have cause a vicariance origin of P. kesiya and P. yunnanensis from the ancestral P. prekesiya. Tsuga miodumosa shows a closest affinity with T. dumosa and might represent the ancestral stock of T. dumosa. The discovery of the Tsuga cone confirmed the presence of Tsuga in the Miocene of southwestern China and represents the earliest Tsuga megafossil record in China. The new species provides fossil evidence to support molecular phylogeny study that T. dumosa might be differentiated in the Miocene. It also support the hypothesis that diversification of the genus occurred mainly during Miocene and Pliocene time as global climate cooled and new habitats formed in response to major orogenic events.3）The MATs results from three methods (CA: 17.2-18.0°C；CLAMP3B: 15.7±1.33°C；LMA: 17.2±1.6°C) are higher than present. This indicates that the climate at late Miocene is warmer than today. The MAPs from CA and CLAMP are 1206-1537.4mm and 1297.0±184.7mm respectively, which are higher than today (1003.2mm) obviously. This indicates that the climate is more humid in late Miocene. The differences between precipitation in humid season and dry season suggest the existence of seasonality，but not so strong as today. The palaeoelevation was reconstructed using CA method; the result indicates a lower elevation (1330-1500m) of Xianfeng in late Miocene compared to today.4) The palaeoenvirmental change was discussed based on the comparisons of fossil records and paleoclimate constructions. The results show that, at late Miocene, most floras represented ever-green forests dominanted by Fagaceae and Lauraceae etc. The climate of Yunnan in Miocene was warmer and more humid than today. At Pliocene age, the vegetation type in West Yunnan is still typical ever-green forest, while in the Sanying flora, the species adapt to cold environment like Quercus sect. Heterobalnus increased greatly.5) Two monsoon sensitivity indices were used to illustrate the change of sensitivity of monsoon climate. The results suggest lower seasonality and monsoon sensitivity, especially the winter monsoon sensitivity during late Miocene.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=%25E7%2581%258C%25E4%25B8%259B&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AThe%5C+Xianfeng%5C+flora%5C+and%5C+its%5C+palaeoclimte%5C+were%5C+studied%5C+using%5C+three%5C+quantitative%5C+methods.%5C+The%5C+vegetation%5C+and%5C+climatic%5C+change%5C+in%5C+Yunnan%5C+were%5C+also%5C+discussed%5C+in%5C+this%5C+paper.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+are%5C+summarized%5C+as%5C+follows%5C%3A1%EF%BC%89%5C+34%5C+species%5C+belonging%5C+to%5C+9%5C+families%2C%5C+21%5C+genera%5C+were%5C+identified%5C+in%5C+Xianfeng%5C+flora.%5C+The%5C+dominant%5C+families%5C+are%5C+Fagaceae%5C+and%5C+Lauraceae.%5C+Most%5C+genera%5C+are%5C+tropic%5C+and%5C+subtropic%5C+distribution.%5C+Consequently%2C%5C+Xianfeng%5C+flora%5C+is%5C+a%5C+typical%5C+subtropic%5C+flora%5C+dominanted%5C+by%5C+Fagaceae%5C+and%5C+Lauraceae.2%EF%BC%89Two%5C+new%5C+coniferous%5C+species%5C+were%5C+identified%2C%5C+Pinus%5C+prekesiya%5C+and%5C+Tsuga%5C+miodumosa.%5C+P.%5C+prekesiya%5C+sp.%5C+nov.%2C%5C+which%5C+belongs%5C+to%5C+subsection%5C+Pinus%5C+of%5C+subgenus%5C+Pinus%5C+shows%5C+a%5C+combination%5C+of%5C+characters%5C+of%5C+P.%5C+kesiya%5C+and%5C+P.%5C+yunnanensis%2C%5C+but%5C+has%5C+a%5C+closer%5C+affinity%5C+with%5C+P.%5C+kesiya%5C+which%5C+distributes%5C+in%5C+the%5C+humid%5C+region%5C+of%5C+Yunnan%5C+and%5C+therefore%5C+suggests%5C+a%5C+more%5C+humid%5C+climate%5C+in%5C+central%5C+Yunnan%5C+during%5C+the%5C+late%5C+Miocene%5C+than%5C+today.%5C+The%5C+general%5C+cooling%5C+trend%5C+during%5C+the%5C+late%5C+Neogene%5C+and%5C+topographic%5C+change%5C+due%5C+to%5C+the%5C+dramatic%5C+Tibetan%5C+uplift%5C+might%5C+have%5C+cause%5C+a%5C+vicariance%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+P.%5C+kesiya%5C+and%5C+P.%5C+yunnanensis%5C+from%5C+the%5C+ancestral%5C+P.%5C+prekesiya.%5C+Tsuga%5C+miodumosa%5C+shows%5C+a%5C+closest%5C+affinity%5C+with%5C+T.%5C+dumosa%5C+and%5C+might%5C+represent%5C+the%5C+ancestral%5C+stock%5C+of%5C+T.%5C+dumosa.%5C+The%5C+discovery%5C+of%5C+the%5C+Tsuga%5C+cone%5C+confirmed%5C+the%5C+presence%5C+of%5C+Tsuga%5C+in%5C+the%5C+Miocene%5C+of%5C+southwestern%5C+China%5C+and%5C+represents%5C+the%5C+earliest%5C+Tsuga%5C+megafossil%5C+record%5C+in%5C+China.%5C+The%5C+new%5C+species%5C+provides%5C+fossil%5C+evidence%5C+to%5C+support%5C+molecular%5C+phylogeny%5C+study%5C+that%5C+T.%5C+dumosa%5C+might%5C+be%5C+differentiated%5C+in%5C+the%5C+Miocene.%5C+It%5C+also%5C+support%5C+the%5C+hypothesis%5C+that%5C+diversification%5C+of%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+occurred%5C+mainly%5C+during%5C+Miocene%5C+and%5C+Pliocene%5C+time%5C+as%5C+global%5C+climate%5C+cooled%5C+and%5C+new%5C+habitats%5C+formed%5C+in%5C+response%5C+to%5C+major%5C+orogenic%5C+events.3%EF%BC%89The%5C+MATs%5C+results%5C+from%5C+three%5C+methods%5C+%5C%28CA%5C%3A%5C+17.2%5C-18.0%C2%B0C%EF%BC%9BCLAMP3B%5C%3A%5C+15.7%C2%B11.33%C2%B0C%EF%BC%9BLMA%5C%3A%5C+17.2%C2%B11.6%C2%B0C%5C%29%5C+are%5C+higher%5C+than%5C+present.%5C+This%5C+indicates%5C+that%5C+the%5C+climate%5C+at%5C+late%5C+Miocene%5C+is%5C+warmer%5C+than%5C+today.%5C+The%5C+MAPs%5C+from%5C+CA%5C+and%5C+CLAMP%5C+are%5C+1206%5C-1537.4mm%5C+and%5C+1297.0%C2%B1184.7mm%5C+respectively%2C%5C+which%5C+are%5C+higher%5C+than%5C+today%5C+%5C%281003.2mm%5C%29%5C+obviously.%5C+This%5C+indicates%5C+that%5C+the%5C+climate%5C+is%5C+more%5C+humid%5C+in%5C+late%5C+Miocene.%5C+The%5C+differences%5C+between%5C+precipitation%5C+in%5C+humid%5C+season%5C+and%5C+dry%5C+season%5C+suggest%5C+the%5C+existence%5C+of%5C+seasonality%EF%BC%8Cbut%5C+not%5C+so%5C+strong%5C+as%5C+today.%5C+The%5C+palaeoelevation%5C+was%5C+reconstructed%5C+using%5C+CA%5C+method%5C%3B%5C+the%5C+result%5C+indicates%5C+a%5C+lower%5C+elevation%5C+%5C%281330%5C-1500m%5C%29%5C+of%5C+Xianfeng%5C+in%5C+late%5C+Miocene%5C+compared%5C+to%5C+today.4%5C%29%5C+The%5C+palaeoenvirmental%5C+change%5C+was%5C+discussed%5C+based%5C+on%5C+the%5C+comparisons%5C+of%5C+fossil%5C+records%5C+and%5C+paleoclimate%5C+constructions.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+show%5C+that%2C%5C+at%5C+late%5C+Miocene%2C%5C+most%5C+floras%5C+represented%5C+ever%5C-green%5C+forests%5C+dominanted%5C+by%5C+Fagaceae%5C+and%5C+Lauraceae%5C+etc.%5C+The%5C+climate%5C+of%5C+Yunnan%5C+in%5C+Miocene%5C+was%5C+warmer%5C+and%5C+more%5C+humid%5C+than%5C+today.%5C+At%5C+Pliocene%5C+age%2C%5C+the%5C+vegetation%5C+type%5C+in%5C+West%5C+Yunnan%5C+is%5C+still%5C+typical%5C+ever%5C-green%5C+forest%2C%5C+while%5C+in%5C+the%5C+Sanying%5C+flora%2C%5C+the%5C+species%5C+adapt%5C+to%5C+cold%5C+environment%5C+like%5C+Quercus%5C+sect.%5C+Heterobalnus%5C+increased%5C+greatly.5%5C%29%5C+Two%5C+monsoon%5C+sensitivity%5C+indices%5C+were%5C+used%5C+to%5C+illustrate%5C+the%5C+change%5C+of%5C+sensitivity%5C+of%5C+monsoon%5C+climate.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+suggest%5C+lower%5C+seasonality%5C+and%5C+monsoon%5C+sensitivity%2C%5C+especially%5C+the%5C+winter%5C+monsoon%5C+sensitivity%5C+during%5C+late%5C+Miocene."},{"jsname":"The chemistry constitutes and their anti-tobacco mosic virus activity from two species of Simaroubeaceae, namely Brucea javanica (L) Merr. and Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr have been investigated.. By variety of chromatographies over various materials, Eighty-seven compounds were isolated from the two plants and eighty of them were identified， of which twenty-two were new compounds and one of them was a novel nortriterpenoids with unprecedented skeleton and another showed the polymorphism. A series of C-20 quassinoids with potent anti-tobacco mosic virus (TMV) activity was found by the bioassay-guided isolation of the seed of Brucea javanica. The characteristic secondary metabolites of Simaroubeaceae--quassinoids were reviewed. Chapter 1, phytochemistry investigation on the seed of Brucea javanica (L) Merr. has led to isolation of 41 compounds, and 34 of them were identified, including 17 quassinoids with anti-TMV activity. Among them compounds 1 and 2 were new quassinoids. Others were alkaloids, ligands, sequiterpenoids, and so on. Chapter 2, tobacco mosic virus inhibiting activity of quassinoids from Brucea javanica (L) Merr. From bioassay-guide isolation 17 quassinoids with potent anti-TMV activities were isolated from the seeds of Brucea javanica (L) Merr. Based on the results of in vivo and in vitro experiments, it was showed that those compounds can both inhibit virus infection and multiplication of TMV. The anti-TMV structure activity relationships were also discussed. Chapter 3, phytochemistry investigation on the leaves and branches of H. perforata has lead to isolation of 32 compounds and 31 were identified, including 20 new limonoids. Among them 1 was a novel limonoids with unprecedented skeleton, and another showed the polymorphism. Besides, 14 compounds, including 8 limonoids along with some triterpenoids, ligands and flavonoids were isolated from the fruit of H. perforata. Among the 14 compounds 1-3 were novel limonoids which have been isolated from the leaves and branches of this species. The limonoids isolated from H. perforata showed structure similarity with those from the Ptaeroxylaceae and Cneoraceae. Furthermore, most of them were the key intermediates of the biogenetic pathway previously proposed by Dr. Xin Fang of our research group. Based on the biogenetic pathway and structure similarity of limonoids it was suggested that the genus of Harrisonia has a very close relationship with Ptaeroxylaceae and Cneoraceae. Chapter 4, reviewed the progress on the phytochemistry study of the quassinoids of Simaroubaceae. The bioactivities along with proposed biogenetic pathway involving quassinoids reported from the Simaroubeaceae were systemically.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=%25E7%2581%258C%25E4%25B8%259B&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AThe%5C+chemistry%5C+constitutes%5C+and%5C+their%5C+anti%5C-tobacco%5C+mosic%5C+virus%5C+activity%5C+from%5C+two%5C+species%5C+of%5C+Simaroubeaceae%2C%5C+namely%5C+Brucea%5C+javanica%5C+%5C%28L%5C%29%5C+Merr.%5C+and%5C+Harrisonia%5C+perforata%5C+%5C%28Blanco%5C%29%5C+Merr%5C+have%5C+been%5C+investigated..%5C+By%5C+variety%5C+of%5C+chromatographies%5C+over%5C+various%5C+materials%2C%5C+Eighty%5C-seven%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+two%5C+plants%5C+and%5C+eighty%5C+of%5C+them%5C+were%5C+identified%EF%BC%8C%5C+of%5C+which%5C+twenty%5C-two%5C+were%5C+new%5C+compounds%5C+and%5C+one%5C+of%5C+them%5C+was%5C+a%5C+novel%5C+nortriterpenoids%5C+with%5C+unprecedented%5C+skeleton%5C+and%5C+another%5C+showed%5C+the%5C+polymorphism.%5C+A%5C+series%5C+of%5C+C%5C-20%5C+quassinoids%5C+with%5C+potent%5C+anti%5C-tobacco%5C+mosic%5C+virus%5C+%5C%28TMV%5C%29%5C+activity%5C+was%5C+found%5C+by%5C+the%5C+bioassay%5C-guided%5C+isolation%5C+of%5C+the%5C+seed%5C+of%5C+Brucea%5C+javanica.%5C+The%5C+characteristic%5C+secondary%5C+metabolites%5C+of%5C+Simaroubeaceae%5C-%5C-quassinoids%5C+were%5C+reviewed.%5C+Chapter%5C+1%2C%5C+phytochemistry%5C+investigation%5C+on%5C+the%5C+seed%5C+of%5C+Brucea%5C+javanica%5C+%5C%28L%5C%29%5C+Merr.%5C+has%5C+led%5C+to%5C+isolation%5C+of%5C+41%5C+compounds%2C%5C+and%5C+34%5C+of%5C+them%5C+were%5C+identified%2C%5C+including%5C+17%5C+quassinoids%5C+with%5C+anti%5C-TMV%5C+activity.%5C+Among%5C+them%5C+compounds%5C+1%5C+and%5C+2%5C+were%5C+new%5C+quassinoids.%5C+Others%5C+were%5C+alkaloids%2C%5C+ligands%2C%5C+sequiterpenoids%2C%5C+and%5C+so%5C+on.%5C+Chapter%5C+2%2C%5C+tobacco%5C+mosic%5C+virus%5C+inhibiting%5C+activity%5C+of%5C+quassinoids%5C+from%5C+Brucea%5C+javanica%5C+%5C%28L%5C%29%5C+Merr.%5C+From%5C+bioassay%5C-guide%5C+isolation%5C+17%5C+quassinoids%5C+with%5C+potent%5C+anti%5C-TMV%5C+activities%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+seeds%5C+of%5C+Brucea%5C+javanica%5C+%5C%28L%5C%29%5C+Merr.%5C+Based%5C+on%5C+the%5C+results%5C+of%5C+in%5C+vivo%5C+and%5C+in%5C+vitro%5C+experiments%2C%5C+it%5C+was%5C+showed%5C+that%5C+those%5C+compounds%5C+can%5C+both%5C+inhibit%5C+virus%5C+infection%5C+and%5C+multiplication%5C+of%5C+TMV.%5C+The%5C+anti%5C-TMV%5C+structure%5C+activity%5C+relationships%5C+were%5C+also%5C+discussed.%5C+Chapter%5C+3%2C%5C+phytochemistry%5C+investigation%5C+on%5C+the%5C+leaves%5C+and%5C+branches%5C+of%5C+H.%5C+perforata%5C+has%5C+lead%5C+to%5C+isolation%5C+of%5C+32%5C+compounds%5C+and%5C+31%5C+were%5C+identified%2C%5C+including%5C+20%5C+new%5C+limonoids.%5C+Among%5C+them%5C+1%5C+was%5C+a%5C+novel%5C+limonoids%5C+with%5C+unprecedented%5C+skeleton%2C%5C+and%5C+another%5C+showed%5C+the%5C+polymorphism.%5C+Besides%2C%5C+14%5C+compounds%2C%5C+including%5C+8%5C+limonoids%5C+along%5C+with%5C+some%5C+triterpenoids%2C%5C+ligands%5C+and%5C+flavonoids%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+fruit%5C+of%5C+H.%5C+perforata.%5C+Among%5C+the%5C+14%5C+compounds%5C+1%5C-3%5C+were%5C+novel%5C+limonoids%5C+which%5C+have%5C+been%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+leaves%5C+and%5C+branches%5C+of%5C+this%5C+species.%5C+The%5C+limonoids%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+H.%5C+perforata%5C+showed%5C+structure%5C+similarity%5C+with%5C+those%5C+from%5C+the%5C+Ptaeroxylaceae%5C+and%5C+Cneoraceae.%5C+Furthermore%2C%5C+most%5C+of%5C+them%5C+were%5C+the%5C+key%5C+intermediates%5C+of%5C+the%5C+biogenetic%5C+pathway%5C+previously%5C+proposed%5C+by%5C+Dr.%5C+Xin%5C+Fang%5C+of%5C+our%5C+research%5C+group.%5C+Based%5C+on%5C+the%5C+biogenetic%5C+pathway%5C+and%5C+structure%5C+similarity%5C+of%5C+limonoids%5C+it%5C+was%5C+suggested%5C+that%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+of%5C+Harrisonia%5C+has%5C+a%5C+very%5C+close%5C+relationship%5C+with%5C+Ptaeroxylaceae%5C+and%5C+Cneoraceae.%5C+Chapter%5C+4%2C%5C+reviewed%5C+the%5C+progress%5C+on%5C+the%5C+phytochemistry%5C+study%5C+of%5C+the%5C+quassinoids%5C+of%5C+Simaroubaceae.%5C+The%5C+bioactivities%5C+along%5C+with%5C+proposed%5C+biogenetic%5C+pathway%5C+involving%5C+quassinoids%5C+reported%5C+from%5C+the%5C+Simaroubeaceae%5C+were%5C+systemically."},{"jsname":"The dissertation deals with the chemical constituents of six plants, Brainea insignis, Dipteris chinensis, Lygodium japonicum, Hypericum lagarocladum, Hypericum androsaemum, and Uncaria macrophylla. More than 100 compounds, including 18 new ones, were obtained using varied chromatography methods, and the structures of them were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The classifications of new compounds include flavonoids, diterpenoids, polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs), and oxindole alkaloids, etc. Brainicin was an unusual flavan derivative with a linkage between C-4 of epicatechin and the side chain of a phenylpropyl unit isolated from B. insignis. The type of linkage was found for the first time in nature. A series of new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) possessing a spirocyclic skeleton, were found in H. lagarocladum. Hyperandrone A, a complex adamantyl derivative was the first example of PPAPs from H. androsaemum. Macrophyllionium, the first example of a zwitterionic oxindole alkaloid was isolated from the aerial parts of U. macrophylla. It extended the structural variety of the known betaines. Macrophyllines A and B were a pair of isomers with acetonyl in skeleton compared with other analogues, and they were proved to be natural products. In addition, some compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines and vasodilative effects on KCl-/phenylephrine (PE)-induced contraction. As a result, corynantheidine exhibited cytotoxicity against HL-60 and SW480 cells with IC50 values of 13.96 and 23.28 μM, respectively; macrophylline A, isorhynchophylline, and dihydrocorynantheine showed strong inhibitory action on KCl-/PE-induced contraction. It was noteworthy that dihydrocorynantheine almost inhibited completely PE-induced contraction in rats thoracic aorta at 30 μg/ml. In contrast to the relatively smaller inhibitory effects of verapamil on PE-induced contraction at 3 and 10 μg/ml, dihydrocorynantheine showed significant inhibitory actions. It was shown to be a potent vasorelaxant of aorta. Finally, a review titled advances of chemistry and pharmacology of the genus Uncaria is presented.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=%25E7%2581%258C%25E4%25B8%259B&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AThe%5C+dissertation%5C+deals%5C+with%5C+the%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+of%5C+six%5C+plants%2C%5C+Brainea%5C+insignis%2C%5C+Dipteris%5C+chinensis%2C%5C+Lygodium%5C+japonicum%2C%5C+Hypericum%5C+lagarocladum%2C%5C+Hypericum%5C+androsaemum%2C%5C+and%5C+Uncaria%5C+macrophylla.%5C+More%5C+than%5C+100%5C+compounds%2C%5C+including%5C+18%5C+new%5C+ones%2C%5C+were%5C+obtained%5C+using%5C+varied%5C+chromatography%5C+methods%2C%5C+and%5C+the%5C+structures%5C+of%5C+them%5C+were%5C+elucidated%5C+on%5C+the%5C+basis%5C+of%5C+extensive%5C+spectroscopic%5C+analysis.%5C+The%5C+classifications%5C+of%5C+new%5C+compounds%5C+include%5C+flavonoids%2C%5C+diterpenoids%2C%5C+polycyclic%5C+polyprenylated%5C+acylphloroglucinols%5C+%5C%28PPAPs%5C%29%2C%5C+and%5C+oxindole%5C+alkaloids%2C%5C+etc.%5C+Brainicin%5C+was%5C+an%5C+unusual%5C+flavan%5C+derivative%5C+with%5C+a%5C+linkage%5C+between%5C+C%5C-4%5C+of%5C+epicatechin%5C+and%5C+the%5C+side%5C+chain%5C+of%5C+a%5C+phenylpropyl%5C+unit%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+B.%5C+insignis.%5C+The%5C+type%5C+of%5C+linkage%5C+was%5C+found%5C+for%5C+the%5C+first%5C+time%5C+in%5C+nature.%C2%A0A%5C+series%5C+of%5C+new%5C+polycyclic%5C+polyprenylated%5C+acylphloroglucinols%5C+%5C%28PPAPs%5C%29%5C+possessing%5C+a%5C+spirocyclic%5C+skeleton%2C%5C+were%5C+found%5C+in%5C+H.%5C+lagarocladum.%5C+Hyperandrone%5C+A%2C%5C+a%5C+complex%5C+adamantyl%5C+derivative%5C+was%5C+the%5C+first%5C+example%5C+of%5C+PPAPs%5C+from%5C+H.%5C+androsaemum.%5C+Macrophyllionium%2C%5C+the%5C+first%5C+example%5C+of%5C+a%5C+zwitterionic%5C+oxindole%5C+alkaloid%5C+was%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+aerial%5C+parts%5C+of%5C+U.%5C+macrophylla.%5C+It%5C+extended%5C+the%5C+structural%5C+variety%5C+of%5C+the%5C+known%5C+betaines.%5C+Macrophyllines%5C+A%5C+and%5C+B%5C+were%5C+a%5C+pair%5C+of%5C+isomers%5C+with%5C+acetonyl%5C+in%5C+skeleton%5C+compared%5C+with%5C+other%5C+analogues%2C%5C+and%5C+they%5C+were%5C+proved%5C+to%5C+be%5C+natural%5C+products.%5C+In%5C+addition%2C%5C+some%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+evaluated%5C+for%5C+their%5C+cytotoxicity%5C+against%5C+five%5C+human%5C+cancer%5C+cell%5C+lines%5C+and%5C+vasodilative%5C+effects%5C+on%5C+KCl%5C-%5C%2Fphenylephrine%5C+%5C%28PE%5C%29%5C-induced%5C+contraction.%5C+As%5C+a%5C+result%2C%5C+corynantheidine%5C+exhibited%5C+cytotoxicity%5C+against%5C+HL%5C-60%5C+and%5C+SW480%5C+cells%5C+with%5C+IC50%5C+values%5C+of%5C+13.96%5C+and%5C+23.28%5C+%CE%BCM%2C%5C+respectively%5C%3B%5C+macrophylline%5C+A%2C%5C+isorhynchophylline%2C%5C+and%5C+dihydrocorynantheine%5C+showed%5C+strong%5C+inhibitory%5C+action%5C+on%5C+KCl%5C-%5C%2FPE%5C-induced%5C+contraction.%5C+It%5C+was%5C+noteworthy%5C+that%5C+dihydrocorynantheine%5C+almost%5C+inhibited%5C+completely%5C+PE%5C-induced%5C+contraction%5C+in%5C+rats%5C+thoracic%5C+aorta%5C+at%5C+30%5C+%CE%BCg%5C%2Fml.%5C+In%5C+contrast%5C+to%5C+the%5C+relatively%5C+smaller%5C+inhibitory%5C+effects%5C+of%5C+verapamil%5C+on%5C+PE%5C-induced%5C+contraction%5C+at%5C+3%5C+and%5C+10%5C+%CE%BCg%5C%2Fml%2C%5C+dihydrocorynantheine%5C+showed%5C+significant%5C+inhibitory%5C+actions.%5C+It%5C+was%5C+shown%5C+to%5C+be%5C+a%5C+potent%5C+vasorelaxant%5C+of%5C+aorta.%5C+Finally%2C%5C+a%5C+review%5C+titled%5C+advances%5C+of%5C+chemistry%5C+and%5C+pharmacology%5C+of%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Uncaria%5C+is%5C+presented."},{"jsname":"The dissertation describes the studies on the chemical constituents and bioactivity of four Salvia plants, Salvia trijuga, Salvia castanea Diels f. pubescens, Salvia splendens, and Salvia flava Forrest ex Diels. By the means of chromatography and spectroscopic evidences, 110 compounds were isolated and identified from the above mentioned four species, among which 22 were new compounds. These compounds include sesquiterpenoid, diterpenoid, triterpenoid, steroid, flavone, phenolic acid and alkaloid compounds. Nine new germacrane sesquiterpenes have been isolated from Salvia trijuga, which is the first report of sesquiterpenoids from this plant. It is significant that two novel diterpenoids with a unique seco-norabietane skeleton and three uncommon C23 abietane diterpenoids were isolated from Salvia castanea Diels f. pubescens. The diterpenoid glucoside was isolated from Salvia splendens for the first time. In addition, the bioactivity tests showed four tanshinone diterpenoids exhibited significant activities against 11b-HSD1 of human and mouse; two tanshinones demonstrated significant effects on promoting T cell proliferation and inhibiting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC).","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=%25E7%2581%258C%25E4%25B8%259B&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AThe%5C+dissertation%5C+describes%5C+the%5C+studies%5C+on%5C+the%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+and%5C+bioactivity%5C+of%5C+four%5C+Salvia%5C+plants%2C%5C+Salvia%5C+trijuga%2C%5C+Salvia%5C+castanea%5C+Diels%5C+f.%5C+pubescens%2C%5C+Salvia%5C+splendens%2C%5C+and%5C+Salvia%5C+flava%5C+Forrest%5C+ex%5C+Diels.%5C+By%5C+the%5C+means%5C+of%5C+chromatography%5C+and%5C+spectroscopic%5C+evidences%2C%5C+110%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+and%5C+identified%5C+from%5C+the%5C+above%5C+mentioned%5C+four%5C+species%2C%5C+among%5C+which%5C+22%5C+were%5C+new%5C+compounds.%5C+These%5C+compounds%5C+include%5C+sesquiterpenoid%2C%5C+diterpenoid%2C%5C+triterpenoid%2C%5C+steroid%2C%5C+flavone%2C%5C+phenolic%5C+acid%5C+and%5C+alkaloid%5C+compounds.%5C+Nine%5C+new%5C+germacrane%5C+sesquiterpenes%5C+have%5C+been%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+Salvia%5C+trijuga%2C%5C+which%5C+is%5C+the%5C+first%5C+report%5C+of%5C+sesquiterpenoids%5C+from%5C+this%5C+plant.%5C+It%5C+is%5C+significant%5C+that%5C+two%5C+novel%5C+diterpenoids%5C+with%5C+a%5C+unique%5C+seco%5C-norabietane%5C+skeleton%5C+and%5C+three%5C+uncommon%5C+C23%5C+abietane%5C+diterpenoids%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+Salvia%5C+castanea%5C+Diels%5C+f.%5C+pubescens.%5C+The%5C+diterpenoid%5C+glucoside%5C+was%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+Salvia%5C+splendens%5C+for%5C+the%5C+first%5C+time.%5C+In%5C+addition%2C%5C+the%5C+bioactivity%5C+tests%5C+showed%5C+four%5C+tanshinone%5C+diterpenoids%5C+exhibited%5C+significant%5C+activities%5C+against%5C+11b%5C-HSD1%5C+of%5C+human%5C+and%5C+mouse%5C%3B%5C+two%5C+tanshinones%5C+demonstrated%5C+significant%5C+effects%5C+on%5C+promoting%5C+T%5C+cell%5C+proliferation%5C+and%5C+inhibiting%5C+mesenchymal%5C+stem%5C+cell%5C+%5C%28MSC%5C%29."},{"jsname":"The dissertation is composed of three chapters. Chapter 1 introduced the isolation and identification of chemical constituents from two spices of Hypericum, which areH. beanii and H. henryi b-HSD1) inhibitors up to date.subsp. uraloides. The second chapter described the isolation and identification of chemical constituents from four species of Viburnum, includingV. foetidum Wall var. foetidum, V. hupehense, V. chingii P. S. Hsu, and V. cyclindricum. In the last chapter, we summarized the classes of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, By the means of chromatography and spectroscopic evidences, 130 compounds were isolated and identified from the six plants mentioned above, among which 21 were new compounds. The classes of these compounds included triterpenoid, diterponid, sesquiterpene, steroid, lignan, flavone, coumarin, phenol, and fatty acid. Four new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs), containing a spirocyclic skeleton, were firstly isolated from the domestic hypericum species. A new ligan possessing an unusual three-epoxy moiety was isolated from the viburnum species for the first time. Five nor-dammarane triterpenoids were isolated from V. hupehense. In addition, some of compounds were evaluated cytotoxic or selective 11b-HSD1 inhibitory activities. Five nor-dammarane triterpenoids demonstrated potent activity to selectively inhibit 11b-HSD1 of mouse and human in vitro. One new vibsane-type diterpenoid possessed the significant cytotoxicity.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&rpp=10&accurate=false&advanced=false&sort_by=2&isNonaffiliated=false&search_type=-1&query1=%25E7%2581%258C%25E4%25B8%259B&order=desc&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AThe%5C+dissertation%5C+is%5C+composed%5C+of%5C+three%5C+chapters.%5C+Chapter%5C+1%5C+introduced%5C+the%5C+isolation%5C+and%5C+identification%5C+of%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+from%5C+two%5C+spices%5C+of%5C+Hypericum%2C%5C+which%5C+areH.%5C+beanii%5C+and%5C+H.%5C+henryi%5C+b%5C-HSD1%5C%29%5C+inhibitors%5C+up%5C+to%5C+date.subsp.%5C+uraloides.%5C+The%5C+second%5C+chapter%5C+described%5C+the%5C+isolation%5C+and%5C+identification%5C+of%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+from%5C+four%5C+species%5C+of%5C+Viburnum%2C%5C+includingV.%5C+foetidum%5C+Wall%5C+var.%5C+foetidum%2C%5C+V.%5C+hupehense%2C%5C+V.%5C+chingii%5C+P.%5C+S.%5C+Hsu%2C%5C+and%5C+V.%5C+cyclindricum.%5C+In%5C+the%5C+last%5C+chapter%2C%5C+we%5C+summarized%5C+the%5C+classes%5C+of%5C+11%CE%B2%5C-hydroxysteroid%5C+dehydrogenase%5C+type%5C+1%2C%5C+By%5C+the%5C+means%5C+of%5C+chromatography%5C+and%5C+spectroscopic%5C+evidences%2C%5C+130%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+and%5C+identified%5C+from%5C+the%5C+six%5C+plants%5C+mentioned%5C+above%2C%5C+among%5C+which%5C+21%5C+were%5C+new%5C+compounds.%5C+The%5C+classes%5C+of%5C+these%5C+compounds%5C+included%5C+triterpenoid%2C%5C+diterponid%2C%5C+sesquiterpene%2C%5C+steroid%2C%5C+lignan%2C%5C+flavone%2C%5C+coumarin%2C%5C+phenol%2C%5C+and%5C+fatty%5C+acid.%5C+Four%5C+new%5C+polycyclic%5C+polyprenylated%5C+acylphloroglucinols%5C+%5C%28PPAPs%5C%29%2C%5C+containing%5C+a%5C+spirocyclic%5C+skeleton%2C%5C+were%5C+firstly%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+domestic%5C+hypericum%5C+species.%5C+A%5C+new%5C+ligan%5C+possessing%5C+an%5C+unusual%5C+three%5C-epoxy%5C+moiety%5C+was%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+viburnum%5C+species%5C+for%5C+the%5C+first%5C+time.%5C+Five%5C+nor%5C-dammarane%5C+triterpenoids%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+V.%5C+hupehense.%5C+In%5C+addition%2C%5C+some%5C+of%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+evaluated%5C+cytotoxic%5C+or%5C+selective%5C+11b%5C-HSD1%5C+inhibitory%5C+activities.%5C+Five%5C+nor%5C-dammarane%5C+triterpenoids%5C+demonstrated%5C+potent%5C+activity%5C+to%5C+selectively%5C+inhibit%5C+11b%5C-HSD1%5C+of%5C+mouse%5C+and%5C+human%5C+in%5C+vitro.%5C+One%5C+new%5C+vibsane%5C-type%5C+diterpenoid%5C+possessed%5C+the%5C+significant%5C+cytotoxicity."},{"jsname":"lastIndexed","jscount":"2021-04-07"}],"Funding Project","dc.project.title_filter")'>
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云南各民族食用花卉中的人文因素
期刊论文
Ziran Zazhi, 3111, 卷号: 23, 页码: 292-297
Authors:
刘怡涛
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龙春林
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Submit date：2017/07/19
滇西北玉龙雪山三种代表性植物比较景观基因组学研究
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博士, 2018
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谭少林
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杓兰属和兜兰属植物叶片结构、扩散导度与光合作用
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硕士, 2018
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杨忠慧
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中国植物学会八十五周年学术年会论文集摘要汇编
会议录
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植物学会
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Submit date：2018/10/24
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孙朋
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张贝西
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中国西南山地种子大小变异及与物种分布关系
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博士, 2018
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陈凯
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独龙牛野生饲用植物的民族植物学研究
学位论文
博士, 2018
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耿彦飞
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西印度醋栗等三种大戟科植物的化学成分研究
学位论文
博士, 2018
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郑晓红
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