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资助项目
0.05) between wild (AR = 4.651), semi-cultivated (AR = 5.091) and cultivated (AR = 5.132) populations of C. taliensis, which suggested that the genetic background of long-lived woody plant was not easy to be changed, and there were moderate high gene flow between populations. However, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between wild (AR = 5.9) and cultivated (AR = 7.1) populations distributed in the same place in Yun county, Yunnan province, which may result from the hybridization and introgression of species in the tea garden and anthropogenic damages to the wild population. The hypothesis of hybrid origin of C. grandibracteata was tested by morphological and microsatellites analyses. Compared with other species, the locules in ovary of C. grandibracteata are variable, which showed a morphological intermediate and mosaic. Except one private allele, Ninety-nine percent alleles of C. grandibracteata were shared with these of C. taliensis and C. sinensis var. assamica. And C. grandibracteata was nested in the cluster of C. taliensis in the UPGMA tree. Conclusively, our results supported the hypothesis of hybrid origin of C. grandibracteata partly. The speciation of C. grandibracteata was derived from hybridization and asymmetrical introgression potentially. It is possible that C. taliensis was one of its parents, but it still needs more evidences to prove that C. sinensis var. assamica was another parent.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=eperson.unique.id&advanced=false&query1=NATIVE%2BPLANTS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3ACamellia%5C+taliensis%5C+%5C%28W.%5C+W.%5C+Smith%5C%29%5C+Melchior%2C%5C+a%5C+member%5C+of%5C+Camellia%5C+sect.%5C+Thea%2C%5C+is%5C+an%5C+indigenous%5C+species%5C+in%5C+local%5C+natural%5C+forest%5C+and%5C+has%5C+a%5C+long%5C+cultivative%5C+history%5C+in%5C+western%5C+Yunnan%5C+and%5C+its%5C+neighborhood%2C%5C+where%5C+the%5C+domestications%5C+of%5C+this%5C+species%5C+in%5C+different%5C+historical%5C+periods%5C+and%5C+in%5C+different%5C+ways%5C+can%5C+be%5C+found.%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+is%5C+an%5C+important%5C+contributor%5C+to%5C+the%5C+formations%5C+of%5C+tea%5C+landraces%5C+by%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+introgression.%5C+In%5C+the%5C+present%5C+study%2C%5C+14%5C+microsatellite%5C+loci%5C+screened%5C+from%5C+37%5C+loci%5C+were%5C+used%5C+to%5C+explore%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+diversity%5C+about%5C+this%5C+species%5C+with%5C+579%5C+samples%5C+from%5C+25%5C+populations%5C+%5C%2816%5C+wild%5C+populations%2C%5C+4%5C+semi%5C-cultivated%5C+populations%5C+and%5C+5%5C+cultivated%5C+populations%5C%29.%5C+At%5C+the%5C+same%5C+time%2C%5C+the%5C+potential%5C+hybrid%5C+speciation%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%2C%5C+was%5C+investigated%5C+using%5C+39%5C+individuals%5C+from%5C+2%5C+populations%2C%5C+along%5C+with%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+and%5C+C.%5C+sinensis%5C+var.%5C+assamica%5C+%5C%2883%5C+individuals%5C+from%5C+4%5C+populations%5C%29%5C+by%5C+the%5C+same%5C+microsatellite%5C+markers.%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+had%5C+a%5C+moderate%5C+high%5C+level%5C+of%5C+genetic%5C+diversity%5C+%5C%28A%5C+%3D%5C+14.3%2C%5C+Ne%3D%5C+5.7%2C%5C+HE%5C+%3D%5C+0.666%2C%5C+I%5C+%3D%5C+1.753%2C%5C+AR%5C+%3D%5C+7.2%2C%5C+PPB%5C+%3D%5C+100%25%5C%29.%5C+This%5C+may%5C+result%5C+from%5C+several%5C+factors%5C+including%5C+K%5C-strategy%2C%5C+genetic%5C+background%2C%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+between%5C+populations%2C%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+introgression%5C+among%5C+species.%5C+Between%5C+wild%5C+populations%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%2C%5C+the%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+was%5C+moderate%5C+high%5C+%5C%28Nm%5C+%3D%5C+1.197%5C%29%2C%5C+and%5C+genetic%5C+variation%5C+was%5C+less%5C+than%5C+20%25%5C+%5C%28GST%5C+%3D%5C+0.147%2C%5C+FST%5C+%3D%5C+0.173%5C%29%2C%5C+which%5C+was%5C+similar%5C+to%5C+other%5C+research%5C+results%5C+of%5C+long%5C-lived%5C+woody%5C+plants%2C%5C+and%5C+reflected%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+structure%5C+of%5C+its%5C+ancestry%5C+to%5C+same%5C+extent.%5C+There%5C+was%5C+a%5C+high%5C+significant%5C+correlation%5C+between%5C+geographic%5C+distance%5C+and%5C+Nei%E2%80%99s%5C+genetic%5C+distance%5C+%5C%28r%5C+%3D%5C+0.372%2C%5C+P%5C+%3D%5C+0.001%5C%29%5C+of%5C+populations%2C%5C+which%5C+accorded%5C+with%5C+isolation%5C+by%5C+distance%5C+model.%5C+Inferring%5C+from%5C+Bayesian%5C+clustering%5C+of%5C+genotypes%2C%5C+all%5C+individuals%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+were%5C+divided%5C+into%5C+two%5C+groups%2C%5C+conflicting%5C+with%5C+the%5C+result%5C+based%5C+on%5C+Nei%E2%80%99s%5C+genetic%5C+distance%5C+and%5C+real%5C+geographic%5C+distribution%2C%5C+which%5C+suggested%5C+there%5C+were%5C+heavy%5C+and%5C+non%5C-random%5C+influences%5C+by%5C+human%5C+practices.%5C+According%5C+to%5C+allelic%5C+richness%2C%5C+there%5C+were%5C+no%5C+significant%5C+differences%5C+%5C%28P%5C+%3E%5C+0.05%5C%29%5C+between%5C+wild%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+4.651%5C%29%2C%5C+semi%5C-cultivated%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+5.091%5C%29%5C+and%5C+cultivated%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+5.132%5C%29%5C+populations%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%2C%5C+which%5C+suggested%5C+that%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+background%5C+of%5C+long%5C-lived%5C+woody%5C+plant%5C+was%5C+not%5C+easy%5C+to%5C+be%5C+changed%2C%5C+and%5C+there%5C+were%5C+moderate%5C+high%5C+gene%5C+flow%5C+between%5C+populations.%5C+However%2C%5C+there%5C+was%5C+a%5C+significant%5C+difference%5C+%5C%28P%5C+%3C%5C+0.05%5C%29%5C+between%5C+wild%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+5.9%5C%29%5C+and%5C+cultivated%5C+%5C%28AR%5C+%3D%5C+7.1%5C%29%5C+populations%5C+distributed%5C+in%5C+the%5C+same%5C+place%5C+in%5C+Yun%5C+county%2C%5C+Yunnan%5C+province%2C%5C+which%5C+may%5C+result%5C+from%5C+the%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+introgression%5C+of%5C+species%5C+in%5C+the%5C+tea%5C+garden%5C+and%5C+anthropogenic%5C+damages%5C+to%5C+the%5C+wild%5C+population.%5C+The%5C+hypothesis%5C+of%5C+hybrid%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+was%5C+tested%5C+by%5C+morphological%5C+and%5C+microsatellites%5C+analyses.%5C+Compared%5C+with%5C+other%5C+species%2C%5C+the%5C+locules%5C+in%5C+ovary%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+are%5C+variable%2C%5C+which%5C+showed%5C+a%5C+morphological%5C+intermediate%5C+and%5C+mosaic.%5C+Except%5C+one%5C+private%5C+allele%2C%5C+Ninety%5C-nine%5C+percent%5C+alleles%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+were%5C+shared%5C+with%5C+these%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+and%5C+C.%5C+sinensis%5C+var.%5C+assamica.%5C+And%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+was%5C+nested%5C+in%5C+the%5C+cluster%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+in%5C+the%5C+UPGMA%5C+tree.%5C+Conclusively%2C%5C+our%5C+results%5C+supported%5C+the%5C+hypothesis%5C+of%5C+hybrid%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+partly.%5C+The%5C+speciation%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+grandibracteata%5C+was%5C+derived%5C+from%5C+hybridization%5C+and%5C+asymmetrical%5C+introgression%5C+potentially.%5C+It%5C+is%5C+possible%5C+that%5C+C.%5C+taliensis%5C+was%5C+one%5C+of%5C+its%5C+parents%2C%5C+but%5C+it%5C+still%5C+needs%5C+more%5C+evidences%5C+to%5C+prove%5C+that%5C+C.%5C+sinensis%5C+var.%5C+assamica%5C+was%5C+another%5C+parent."},{"jsname":"Chemical investigation of twelve macrofungi and one lichen including Coriolopsis gallica, Conocybe siliginea, Albatrellus confluens, Scutellinia ascoboloides, Lactarius deliciosus, Thelephora terrestris, Collybia acervata, Shiraia bambusicola, Cortinarius alboviolaceus, Mycena galericulata, Polyporus elegans, Trogia sp., and Sulcaria virens were comprehensively reported in this dissertation.113 different compounds have been isolated and elucidated by varied chromatographic methods and extensive spectroscopic analysis, among which 26 compounds were new ones. The classes of these new compounds include acetylenic acids, tremulane-type sesquiterpenes, cleistanthane-type diterpenes, isocoumarin, norleucine-type non-protein amino acid, etc. The highlight of this dissertation is the phytochemical investigation of Trogia sp. leading to two norleucine-type non-protein amino acids, 2R-amino-4S-hydroxy-5-hexynoic acid (104) and 2R-amino-5-hexynoic acid (105), which are responsible for the toxicity of this fungus. Cellulose microcrystalline column chromatography with n-BuOH-EtOH-AcOH-H2O (4:1:1:2, v/v/v) eluting system was extensively used for isolation of amino acids in this study. Comparing to traditional n-BuOH-AcOH-H2O (BAW) solvent system, a time-saving and efficient TLC solvent system OWF (organin layer-water-formic acid) for amino acids detection was developed. TLC solvent system OWF was prepared as below: solvent OW was composed of CHCl3-CH3COCH3-MeOH (10:4:4, v/v/v), which was saturated with water; 1 to 4 drops of formic acid was added to 1 ml solvent OW when used.In the last chapter, the chemical, biological and mycological literature dealing with the isolation, structure elucidation, biological activities, and synthesis of pigments produced by those fungi that produce conspicuous fruiting bodies (macromycetes) was reviewed. 198 references between June 2003 to December 2009 are cited.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=eperson.unique.id&advanced=false&query1=NATIVE%2BPLANTS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AChemical%5C+investigation%5C+of%5C+twelve%5C+macrofungi%5C+and%5C+one%5C+lichen%5C+including%5C+Coriolopsis%5C+gallica%2C%5C+Conocybe%5C+siliginea%2C%5C+Albatrellus%5C+confluens%2C%5C+Scutellinia%5C+ascoboloides%2C%5C+Lactarius%5C+deliciosus%2C%5C+Thelephora%5C+terrestris%2C%5C+Collybia%5C+acervata%2C%5C+Shiraia%5C+bambusicola%2C%5C+Cortinarius%5C+alboviolaceus%2C%5C+Mycena%5C+galericulata%2C%5C+Polyporus%5C+elegans%2C%5C+Trogia%5C+sp.%2C%5C+and%5C+Sulcaria%5C+virens%5C+were%5C+comprehensively%5C+reported%5C+in%5C+this%5C+dissertation.113%5C+different%5C+compounds%5C+have%5C+been%5C+isolated%5C+and%5C+elucidated%5C+by%5C+varied%5C+chromatographic%5C+methods%5C+and%5C+extensive%5C+spectroscopic%5C+analysis%2C%5C+among%5C+which%5C+26%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+new%5C+ones.%5C+The%5C+classes%5C+of%5C+these%5C+new%5C+compounds%5C+include%5C+acetylenic%5C+acids%2C%5C+tremulane%5C-type%5C+sesquiterpenes%2C%5C+cleistanthane%5C-type%5C+diterpenes%2C%5C+isocoumarin%2C%5C+norleucine%5C-type%5C+non%5C-protein%5C+amino%5C+acid%2C%5C+etc.%5C+The%5C+highlight%5C+of%5C+this%5C+dissertation%5C+is%5C+the%5C+phytochemical%5C+investigation%5C+of%5C+Trogia%5C+sp.%5C+leading%5C+to%5C+two%5C+norleucine%5C-type%5C+non%5C-protein%5C+amino%5C+acids%2C%5C+2R%5C-amino%5C-4S%5C-hydroxy%5C-5%5C-hexynoic%5C+acid%5C+%5C%28104%5C%29%5C+and%5C+2R%5C-amino%5C-5%5C-hexynoic%5C+acid%5C+%5C%28105%5C%29%2C%5C+which%5C+are%5C+responsible%5C+for%5C+the%5C+toxicity%5C+of%5C+this%5C+fungus.%5C+Cellulose%5C+microcrystalline%5C+column%5C+chromatography%5C+with%5C+n%5C-BuOH%5C-EtOH%5C-AcOH%5C-H2O%5C+%5C%284%5C%3A1%5C%3A1%5C%3A2%2C%5C+v%5C%2Fv%5C%2Fv%5C%29%5C+eluting%5C+system%5C+was%5C+extensively%5C+used%5C+for%5C+isolation%5C+of%5C+amino%5C+acids%5C+in%5C+this%5C+study.%5C+Comparing%5C+to%5C+traditional%5C+n%5C-BuOH%5C-AcOH%5C-H2O%5C+%5C%28BAW%5C%29%5C+solvent%5C+system%2C%5C+a%5C+time%5C-saving%5C+and%5C+efficient%5C+TLC%5C+solvent%5C+system%5C+OWF%5C+%5C%28organin%5C+layer%5C-water%5C-formic%5C+acid%5C%29%5C+for%5C+amino%5C+acids%5C+detection%5C+was%5C+developed.%5C+TLC%5C+solvent%5C+system%5C+OWF%5C+was%5C+prepared%5C+as%5C+below%5C%3A%5C+solvent%5C+OW%5C+was%5C+composed%5C+of%5C+CHCl3%5C-CH3COCH3%5C-MeOH%5C+%5C%2810%5C%3A4%5C%3A4%2C%5C+v%5C%2Fv%5C%2Fv%5C%29%2C%5C+which%5C+was%5C+saturated%5C+with%5C+water%5C%3B%5C+1%5C+to%5C+4%5C+drops%5C+of%5C+formic%5C+acid%5C+was%5C+added%5C+to%5C+1%5C+ml%5C+solvent%5C+OW%5C+when%5C+used.In%5C+the%5C+last%5C+chapter%2C%5C+the%5C+chemical%2C%5C+biological%5C+and%5C+mycological%5C+literature%5C+dealing%5C+with%5C+the%5C+isolation%2C%5C+structure%5C+elucidation%2C%5C+biological%5C+activities%2C%5C+and%5C+synthesis%5C+of%5C+pigments%5C+produced%5C+by%5C+those%5C+fungi%5C+that%5C+produce%5C+conspicuous%5C+fruiting%5C+bodies%5C+%5C%28macromycetes%5C%29%5C+was%5C+reviewed.%5C+198%5C+references%5C+between%5C+June%5C+2003%5C+to%5C+December%5C+2009%5C+are%5C+cited."},{"jsname":"Chiang Mai University","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=eperson.unique.id&advanced=false&query1=NATIVE%2BPLANTS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AChiang%5C+Mai%5C+University"},{"jsname":"China Agriculture Research System[CARS-02]","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=eperson.unique.id&advanced=false&query1=NATIVE%2BPLANTS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AChina%5C+Agriculture%5C+Research%5C+System%5C%5BCARS%5C-02%5C%5D"},{"jsname":"lastIndexed","jscount":"2024-06-13"}],"资助项目","dc.project.title_filter")'>
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