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资助项目
0.05). For some populations, germination capacity in 12-h photoperiod was significantly higher than that in completed darkness（W-FD: P < 0.01, W-JD: P < 0.05）.Genetic variation within and among six populations was assessed using AFLP markers. Genetic diversity was higher at species level (PPL = 69.19%, HE = 0.221) than at population level (PPL = 26.22%, HE = 0.095, Is =0.140), and populations in southeast Yunnan were strongly differentiated from those in southwest Yunnan (Nei’s GST = 0.575; FST = 0.655). UPGMA analysis demonstrated a clear genetic division between the two populations from DeHong (SW Yunnan; D-JD and D-HG) and the four from WenShan (SE Yunnan; W-FD, W-LH, W-ML, and W-MG). Within-population genetic variation was significantly correlated with population isolation (r(PPL) = -0.94, P = 0.006; r(HE) = -0.85, P = 0.032; r(Is) = -0.87, P = 0.025), but not with population size (r(PPL) = 0.63, P = 0.178; r(HE) = 0.54, P = 0.268; r(Is) = 0.56, P = 0.249).","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3ACraigia%5C+yunnanensis%5C+W.%5C+W.%5C+Smith%5C+%5C%26%5C+W.%5C+E.%5C+Evans%5C+%5C%28Tiliaceae%5C%29%5C+is%5C+an%5C+endangered%5C+deciduous%5C+tree%5C+species%5C+which%5C+has%5C+high%5C+scientific%5C+and%5C+economic%5C+value.%5C+C.%5C+yunnanensis%5C+is%5C+seriously%5C+threatened%5C+and%5C+has%5C+been%5C+pushed%5C+to%5C+the%5C+verge%5C+of%5C+extinction%5C+due%5C+to%5C+vegetation%5C+destruction%5C+in%5C+China%5C+and%5C+consequent%5C+contraction%5C+of%5C+its%5C+distribution.%5C+Hence%2C%5C+it%5C+was%5C+listed%5C+as%5C+a%5C+nationally%5C+rare%5C+and%5C+endangered%5C+plant%5C+in%5C+1999%5C+and%5C+has%5C+also%5C+been%5C+proposed%5C+as%5C+a%5C+second%5C-ranked%5C+plant%5C+for%5C+national%5C+protection%5C+in%5C+China%5C+and%5C+included%5C+in%5C+IUCN%5C+red%5C+list.%5C+As%5C+a%5C+scientifically%5C+important%5C+and%5C+valued%5C+tree%5C+species%5C+with%5C+endangered%5C+status%2C%5C+the%5C+wild%5C+populations%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+yunnanensis%5C+therefore%5C+represent%5C+is%5C+a%5C+genetic%5C+resource%5C+that%5C+must%5C+be%5C+conserved.%5C+To%5C+provide%5C+basic%5C+information%5C+for%5C+its%5C+conservation%2C%5C+the%5C+population%5C+dynamics%5C+and%5C+population%5C+size%5C+structures%2C%5C+pollination%5C+biology%5C+and%5C+breeding%5C+system%2C%5C+eleven%5C+fitness%5C-related%5C+characters%5C+and%5C+the%5C+genetic%5C+variability%5C+based%5C+on%5C+AFLP%5C+were%5C+comprehensively%5C+studied.%5C+The%5C+main%5C+results%5C+are%5C+summarized%5C+as%5C+follows%5C%3A%5C+A%5C+total%5C+of%5C+six%5C+wild%5C+populations%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+yunnanensis%5C+were%5C+found%5C+in%5C+two%5C+disjunct%5C+regions%5C+of%5C+Yunnan%2C%5C+i.e.%5C+WenShan%5C+%5C%28SE%5C+Yunnan%5C%29%5C+and%5C+DeHong%5C+%5C%28SW%5C+Yunnan%5C%29%2C%5C+from%5C+2005%5C+to%5C+2007.%5C+Additionally%2C%5C+in%5C+all%5C+but%5C+one%5C+of%5C+the%5C+populations%5C+we%5C+detected%2C%5C+mature%5C+trees%5C+were%5C+felled%5C+between%5C+2005%5C+and%5C+2007%2C%5C+so%5C+destruction%5C+of%5C+most%5C+of%5C+these%5C+populations%5C+is%5C+ongoing.%5C+Across%5C+the%5C+six%5C+populations%5C+of%5C+extant%5C+C.%5C+yunnanensis%5C+found%5C+during%5C+our%5C+study%2C%5C+the%5C+total%5C+number%5C+of%5C+mature%5C+%5C%28reproductive%5C%29%5C+individuals%5C+detected%5C+was%5C+584%5C+in%5C+2007%EF%BC%8Cplus%5C+larger%5C+numbers%5C+of%5C+seedling%5C+and%5C+resprouts%5C+from%5C+cut%5C+trunks.%5C+The%5C+result%5C+of%5C+surveying%5C+Population%5C+structure%5C+showed%5C+that%5C+there%5C+are%5C+two%5C+regeneration%5C+types%5C+which%5C+are%5C+seedlings%5C+and%5C+sprouts.%5C+Seedlings%5C+occurred%5C+abundantly%5C+in%5C+gaps%5C+or%5C+open%5C+areas%5C+and%5C+the%5C+size%5C+class%5C+frequency%5C+distributions%5C+were%5C+often%5C+discontinuous%2C%5C+and%5C+the%5C+same%5C+general%5C+pattern%5C+occurred%5C+in%5C+all%5C+the%5C+investigated%5C+populations%5C+for%5C+juveniles%5C+and%5C+adults.%5C+The%5C+numbers%5C+of%5C+seed%5C-origin%5C+individuals%5C+did%5C+however%5C+decline%5C+sharply%5C+with%5C+increasing%5C+size%2C%5C+indicating%5C+a%5C+high%5C+mortality%5C+rate%5C+going%5C+from%5C+seedling%5C+to%5C+sapling%5C+stage%5C+may%5C+be%5C+a%5C+problem%5C+for%5C+this%5C+species.%5C+Additionally%2C%5C+the%5C+cash%5C+crop%5C+cultivation%5C+and%5C+logging%5C+seriously%5C+threaten%5C+the%5C+survival%5C+of%5C+the%5C+species.%5C+We%5C+conducted%5C+field%5C+observations%5C+and%5C+artificial%5C+pollination%5C+experiments%5C+on%5C+the%5C+floral%5C+biology%2C%5C+pollination%5C+process%5C+and%5C+breeding%5C+system%5C+of%5C+Craigia%5C+yunnanensis%5C+in%5C+Fadou%2C%5C+Xichou%5C+county%5C+of%5C+Yunnan%5C+province.%5C+The%5C+lifespan%5C+of%5C+a%5C+single%5C+hermaphrodite%5C+flower%5C+is%5C+approximately%5C+3%5C-4%5C+days.%5C+A%5C+cyme%5C+has%5C+2%5C-9%5C+flowered.%5C+The%5C+flowering%5C+period%5C+of%5C+an%5C+inflorescence%5C+is%5C+usually%5C+5%5C-14%5C+days.%5C+The%5C+flowers%5C+of%5C+C.%5C+yunnanensis%5C+were%5C+protandrous.%5C+The%5C+stamens%5C+were%5C+within%5C+petal%5C-like%5C+staminodes%5C+in%5C+the%5C+opening%5C+flowers%5C+until%5C+the%5C+flower%5C+withered.%5C+Without%5C+touchment%2C%5C+the%5C+bractlike%5C+staminodes%5C+can%E2%80%99t%5C+open.%5C+Self%5C-pollination%5C+was%5C+partially%5C+avoided%5C+by%5C+temporal%5C+and%5C+spatial%5C+isolation%5C+of%5C+male%5C+and%5C+female%5C+organs%5C+within%5C+the%5C+same%5C+flower.%5C+However%2C%5C+autogamous%5C+and%5C+geitonogamous%5C+pollination%5C+is%5C+unavoidable%5C+because%5C+of%5C+the%5C+large%5C+number%5C+of%5C+flowers%5C+on%5C+a%5C+single%5C+tree%5C+and%5C+the%5C+action%5C+of%5C+pollinators.%5C+The%5C+values%5C+of%5C+both%5C+OCI%5C+%5C%28%E2%89%A54%5C%29%5C+and%5C+P%5C%2FO%5C+%5C%281381%5C%29%5C+and%5C+the%5C+results%5C+of%5C+bagging%5C+tests%5C+indicated%5C+there%5C+was%5C+no%5C+apomixes%5C+in%5C+C.%5C+yunnanensis%5C+and%5C+the%5C+breeding%5C+system%5C+of%5C+the%5C+species%5C+was%5C+outcrossing%5C+with%5C+partial%5C+self%5C-compatibility%5C+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study can reveal important biological features of plants and answers to a certain degree in phylogeny and distribution of genetic materials and so forth. By hard working of cytologists, chromosome data of plants have been increased to a great abundance, but yet disorderly distributed in different magazines, which made researches based on the whole chromosome data of one taxon rarely launched. Scientific databases have become increasingly indispensable as researching data growing daily. As Cytological studies are booming in China, in order to fill the absence of digital and statistical data of plant chromosome researches and chromosome atlas, we started to develop a Chinese Seed Plants Chromosome Database, aiming to construct a database and start to record published chromosome data of Chinese seed plants. Based on this database, we chose the part of gymnosperms and gave a discussion to the features of its chromosomes’ evolution and variation. Cytological experiments have been applied to some important phyto-groups for phylogeny research and germplasm identification.Part I: The Chinese Seed Plants Chromosome Database and Discussion on the features of Gymnosperms chromosomes，1 The Chinese Seed Plants Chromosome Database，The frame of database was constructed by Microsoft Access 2003. 19 items of data were included in, they are: Chinese and Latin names of family, genus and species; plant pictures, mitosis metaphase and karyotype figures; morphological characteristics and distributions of the plant; chromosome numbers and basic numbers; karyotype formula; karyotype description; origin of the plant material; literature and the source of photos. In this database, data can be checked and shared easily by extracted out in species sorted interface or family sorted interface. 120 species in 29 genera and 10 families of Gymnospers have been collected and input to the database. In Angiosperms, 61 species in 10 genera of family Magnoliaceae and 80 species in 3 genera of family Theaceae have been collected and input to the database.2 Discussion on the features of evolution and variation of Gymnosperms chromosomes，By data collection of the database, we analyzed chromosome features of the group Gymnosperm. Plants of Gymnosperm had been through a long historical evolution on earth, fossil records of which originated from the late Devonian period. Once an authoritative and major classification level in the plant kingdom, most Gymnosperms have been extinct unless conifers, cycads, Ginkgo and Getales. Three main features of Gymnosperm chromosomes are: relatively large chromosome, which can be recognized from figures in the database; constant chromosome numbers, in most families of Gymnosperm the basic chromosome number keeps a certain value; comparatively low variation, karyotype under family level differs a little. The variation of chromosomes in Gymnosperm is dominated by Robertsonian changes. Contrary to common variation type in Angiosperms, the variation from high unsymmetric karyotype to low unsymmetric karyotype was found in existence in Gymnosperm.Part II: cytology research on some important phyto-groups，3 Karyomorphology of three species in the order Huerteales and their phylogenetic implications，The karyomorphology of three species in Dipentodon (Dipentodontaceae), Perrottetia (Celastraceae), and Tapiscia (Tapisciaceae), namely Dipentodon sinicus, Perrottetia racemosa, and Tapiscia sinensis, was investigated in the study. Recent molecular research has discovered close relationships among these three genera, which has led to the establishment of the order Huerteales with Perrottetia being placed in Dipentodontaceae. Herein we report the chromosome numbers of D. sinicus and P. racemosa for the first time, and present their karyotype formulas as 2n = 34 = 22sm + 12st (D. sinicus), 2n = 20 = 11m + 9sm (P. racemosa), and 2n = 30 = 22m(2SAT) + 8sm (T. sinensis). Asymmetry of their karyotypes is categorized to be Type 3B in D. sinicus, Type 2A in P. racemosa, and Type 2A in T. sinensis. Each of the species shows special cytological features. Compared with Perrottetia, Dipentodon has a different basic chromosome number, a higher karyotype asymmetry, and different karyomorphology of its interphase nuclei, mitotic prophase, and metaphase. Thus, on the basis of these results, we have reservations regarding the suggestion of placing Dipentodon and Perrottetia together in the family Dipentodontaceae.4 Genomic analyses of intergeneric hybrids between Michelia crassipes and M. calcicola by GISH，Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) is becoming the method of choice for identifying parental chromosomes in interspecific hybrids. Interspecific F1 hybrid between Michelia crassipes and M. calcicola, tow highly ornamental species in Michelia of Magnolicaceae, has been analized by double-colored GISH with its parents’ genome as the probe. Research gave the results that the chromosome number of the F1 hybrid is 2n=38 as the same of species in Michelia and other genera in Magnoliaceae, the basic chromosome is x=19, the karyotype formula is 2n=38=32m+6sm, and the asymmetry of karyotype is 1B type. Based on chromosome data of Michelia in our database, the karyotype of this genus is featured mostly by metacentric chromosomes and submetacentric chromosomes. In Mechelia, the variation range of submetacentric chromosomes is 4 to 18 and of the karyotype asymmetry is 1A to 2B type. Both the karyotype and karyotype asymmetry type of F1 hybrid is among the variation range of Michelia. The figure of GISH showed that all the 38 chromosomes of F1 hybrid have crossing parental signals, and signal on the no.1 and no.7 chromosome showed differences, which proved that both the parental genome have been transmitted to and recombinated in F1 hybrid.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3ACytology%5C+study%5C+can%5C+reveal%5C+important%5C+biological%5C+features%5C+of%5C+plants%5C+and%5C+answers%5C+to%5C+a%5C+certain%5C+degree%5C+in%5C+phylogeny%5C+and%5C+distribution%5C+of%5C+genetic%5C+materials%5C+and%5C+so%5C+forth.%5C+By%5C+hard%5C+working%5C+of%5C+cytologists%2C%5C+chromosome%5C+data%5C+of%5C+plants%5C+have%5C+been%5C+increased%5C+to%5C+a%5C+great%5C+abundance%2C%5C+but%5C+yet%5C+disorderly%5C+distributed%5C+in%5C+different%5C+magazines%2C%5C+which%5C+made%5C+researches%5C+based%5C+on%5C+the%5C+whole%5C+chromosome%5C+data%5C+of%5C+one%5C+taxon%5C+rarely%5C+launched.%5C+Scientific%5C+databases%5C+have%5C+become%5C+increasingly%5C+indispensable%5C+as%5C+researching%5C+data%5C+growing%5C+daily.%5C+As%5C+Cytological%5C+studies%5C+are%5C+booming%5C+in%5C+China%2C%5C+in%5C+order%5C+to%5C+fill%5C+the%5C+absence%5C+of%5C+digital%5C+and%5C+statistical%5C+data%5C+of%5C+plant%5C+chromosome%5C+researches%5C+and%5C+chromosome%5C+atlas%2C%5C+we%5C+started%5C+to%5C+develop%5C+a%5C+Chinese%5C+Seed%5C+Plants%5C+Chromosome%5C+Database%2C%5C+aiming%5C+to%5C+construct%5C+a%5C+database%5C+and%5C+start%5C+to%5C+record%5C+published%5C+chromosome%5C+data%5C+of%5C+Chinese%5C+seed%5C+plants.%5C+Based%5C+on%5C+this%5C+database%2C%5C+we%5C+chose%5C+the%5C+part%5C+of%5C+gymnosperms%5C+and%5C+gave%5C+a%5C+discussion%5C+to%5C+the%5C+features%5C+of%5C+its%5C+chromosomes%E2%80%99%5C+evolution%5C+and%5C+variation.%5C+Cytological%5C+experiments%5C+have%5C+been%5C+applied%5C+to%5C+some%5C+important%5C+phyto%5C-groups%5C+for%5C+phylogeny%5C+research%5C+and%5C+germplasm%5C+identification.Part%5C+I%5C%3A%5C+The%5C+Chinese%5C+Seed%5C+Plants%5C+Chromosome%5C+Database%5C+and%5C+Discussion%5C+on%5C+the%5C+features%5C+of%5C+Gymnosperms%5C+chromosomes%EF%BC%8C1%5C+%C2%A0The%5C+Chinese%5C+Seed%5C+Plants%5C+Chromosome%5C+Database%EF%BC%8CThe%5C+frame%5C+of%5C+database%5C+was%5C+constructed%5C+by%5C+Microsoft%5C+Access%5C+2003.%5C+19%5C+items%5C+of%5C+data%5C+were%5C+included%5C+in%2C%5C+they%5C+are%5C%3A%5C+Chinese%5C+and%5C+Latin%5C+names%5C+of%5C+family%2C%5C+genus%5C+and%5C+species%5C%3B%5C+plant%5C+pictures%2C%5C+mitosis%5C+metaphase%5C+and%5C+karyotype%5C+figures%5C%3B%5C+morphological%5C+characteristics%5C+and%5C+distributions%5C+of%5C+the%5C+plant%5C%3B%5C+chromosome%5C+numbers%5C+and%5C+basic%5C+numbers%5C%3B%5C+karyotype%5C+formula%5C%3B%5C+karyotype%5C+description%5C%3B%5C+origin%5C+of%5C+the%5C+plant%5C+material%5C%3B%5C+literature%5C+and%5C+the%5C+source%5C+of%5C+photos.%5C+In%5C+this%5C+database%2C%5C+data%5C+can%5C+be%5C+checked%5C+and%5C+shared%5C+easily%5C+by%5C+extracted%5C+out%5C+in%5C+species%5C+sorted%5C+interface%5C+or%5C+family%5C+sorted%5C+interface.%5C+120%5C+species%5C+in%5C+29%5C+genera%5C+and%5C+10%5C+families%5C+of%5C+Gymnospers%5C+have%5C+been%5C+collected%5C+and%5C+input%5C+to%5C+the%5C+database.%5C+In%5C+Angiosperms%2C%5C+61%5C+species%5C+in%5C+10%5C+genera%5C+of%5C+family%5C+Magnoliaceae%5C+and%5C+80%5C+species%5C+in%5C+3%5C+genera%5C+of%5C+family%5C+Theaceae%5C+have%5C+been%5C+collected%5C+and%5C+input%5C+to%5C+the%5C+database.2%5C+Discussion%5C+on%5C+the%5C+features%5C+of%5C+evolution%5C+and%5C+variation%5C+of%5C+Gymnosperms%5C+chromosomes%EF%BC%8CBy%5C+data%5C+collection%5C+of%5C+the%5C+database%2C%5C+we%5C+analyzed%5C+chromosome%5C+features%5C+of%5C+the%5C+group%5C+Gymnosperm.%5C+Plants%5C+of%5C+Gymnosperm%5C+had%5C+been%5C+through%5C+a%5C+long%5C+historical%5C+evolution%5C+on%5C+earth%2C%5C+fossil%5C+records%5C+of%5C+which%5C+originated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+late%5C+Devonian%5C+period.%5C+Once%5C+an%5C+authoritative%5C+and%5C+major%5C+classification%5C+level%5C+in%5C+the%5C+plant%5C+kingdom%2C%5C+most%5C+Gymnosperms%5C+have%5C+been%5C+extinct%5C+unless%5C+conifers%2C%5C+cycads%2C%5C+Ginkgo%5C+and%5C+Getales.%5C+Three%5C+main%5C+features%5C+of%5C+Gymnosperm%5C+chromosomes%5C+are%5C%3A%5C+relatively%5C+large%5C+chromosome%2C%5C+which%5C+can%5C+be%5C+recognized%5C+from%5C+figures%5C+in%5C+the%5C+database%5C%3B%5C+constant%5C+chromosome%5C+numbers%2C%5C+in%5C+most%5C+families%5C+of%5C+Gymnosperm%5C+the%5C+basic%5C+chromosome%5C+number%5C+keeps%5C+a%5C+certain%5C+value%5C%3B%5C+comparatively%5C+low%5C+variation%2C%5C+karyotype%5C+under%5C+family%5C+level%5C+differs%5C+a%5C+little.%5C+The%5C+variation%5C+of%5C+chromosomes%5C+in%5C+Gymnosperm%5C+is%5C+dominated%5C+by%5C+Robertsonian%5C+changes.%5C+Contrary%5C+to%5C+common%5C+variation%5C+type%5C+in%5C+Angiosperms%2C%5C+the%5C+variation%5C+from%5C+high%5C+unsymmetric%5C+karyotype%5C+to%5C+low%5C+unsymmetric%5C+karyotype%5C+was%5C+found%5C+in%5C+existence%5C+in%5C+Gymnosperm.Part%5C+II%5C%3A%5C+cytology%5C+research%5C+on%5C+some%5C+important%5C+phyto%5C-groups%EF%BC%8C3%5C+Karyomorphology%5C+of%5C+three%5C+species%5C+in%5C+the%5C+order%5C+Huerteales%5C+and%5C+their%5C+phylogenetic%5C+implications%EF%BC%8CThe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Plant RD Center[Y65J8322C1]","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3ADr.%5C+Plant%5C+RD%5C+Center%5C%5BY65J8322C1%5C%5D"},{"jsname":"In order to investigate the indole alkaloids, this paper studied the chemical constituents from three plants, Gelsemium elegans (Loganiaceae), Trigonostemon thyrsoideus (Euphorbiaceae), and Buddleja Alternifolia (Loganiaceae). 67 compounds were isolated including 20 new compounds.The main work of this thesis is that investigation and evaluation of indole alkaloids in detail from G. elegans collected in Xishuanbanna, Yunnan Province of China.Phytochemical investigation on the total base fraction of G. elegans lead to harvest 51 compounds, including 18 new indole alkaloids and one new iridoid. Among them, 8 Humantenine-type alkaloids including 2 new ones; 1 new Gelselegine-type one; 14 Gelsedine-type ones, of 3 new ones; 11 Sarpagine-type ones, of 2 new ones; 6 koumine-type ones, of 4 new ones; 3 Gelsemine-type ones, and 2 yohimbane-type ones which are isolated at the first time. Moreover, it is firstly reported 4 new β-carboline alkaloids with a 3-substitution. The biosynthesis pathway of all types of alkaloids especially new compounds are proposed. At the same time, the bioassay of part of alkaloids were performed.In this paper, two unusual “chemical phenomenons” were stated and explored.Moreover, two novel daphnane diterpenes with unusual 4,6-epoxide and six totaxins and sterols were isolated from trigonostemon thyrsoideus. And then, one phenylpropanoid and five sterols were found from Buddleja Alternifolia.The review outline indole alkaloids and their anti-tumor activities.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AIn%5C+order%5C+to%5C+investigate%5C+the%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids%2C%5C+this%5C+paper%5C+studied%5C+the%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+from%5C+three%5C+plants%2C%5C+Gelsemium%5C+elegans%5C+%5C%28Loganiaceae%5C%29%2C%5C+Trigonostemon%5C+thyrsoideus%5C+%5C%28Euphorbiaceae%5C%29%2C%5C+and%5C+Buddleja%5C+Alternifolia%5C+%5C%28Loganiaceae%5C%29.%5C+67%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+including%5C+20%5C+new%5C+compounds.The%5C+main%5C+work%5C+of%5C+this%5C+thesis%5C+is%5C+that%5C+investigation%5C+and%5C+evaluation%5C+of%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids%5C+in%5C+detail%5C+from%5C+G.%5C+elegans%5C+collected%5C+in%5C+Xishuanbanna%2C%5C+Yunnan%5C+Province%5C+of%5C+China.Phytochemical%5C+investigation%5C+on%5C+the%5C+total%5C+base%5C+fraction%5C+of%5C+G.%5C+elegans%5C+lead%5C+to%5C+harvest%5C+51%5C+compounds%2C%5C+including%5C+18%5C+new%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids%5C+and%5C+one%5C+new%5C+iridoid.%5C+Among%5C+them%2C%5C+8%5C+Humantenine%5C-type%5C+alkaloids%5C+including%5C+2%5C+new%5C+ones%5C%3B%5C+1%5C+new%5C+Gelselegine%5C-type%5C+one%5C%3B%5C+14%5C+Gelsedine%5C-type%5C+ones%2C%5C+of%5C+3%5C+new%5C+ones%5C%3B%5C+11%5C+Sarpagine%5C-type%5C+ones%2C%5C+of%5C+2%5C+new%5C+ones%5C%3B%5C+6%5C+koumine%5C-type%5C+ones%2C%5C+of%5C+4%5C+new%5C+ones%5C%3B%5C+3%5C+Gelsemine%5C-type%5C+ones%2C%5C+and%5C+2%5C+yohimbane%5C-type%5C+ones%5C+which%5C+are%5C+isolated%5C+at%5C+the%5C+first%5C+time.%5C+Moreover%2C%5C+it%5C+is%5C+firstly%5C+reported%5C+4%5C+new%5C+%CE%B2%5C-carboline%5C+alkaloids%5C+with%5C+a%5C+3%5C-substitution.%5C+The%5C+biosynthesis%5C+pathway%5C+of%5C+all%5C+types%5C+of%5C+alkaloids%5C+especially%5C+new%5C+compounds%5C+are%5C+proposed.%5C+At%5C+the%5C+same%5C+time%2C%5C+the%5C+bioassay%5C+of%5C+part%5C+of%5C+alkaloids%5C+were%5C+performed.In%5C+this%5C+paper%2C%5C+two%5C+unusual%5C+%E2%80%9Cchemical%5C+phenomenons%E2%80%9D%5C+were%5C+stated%5C+and%5C+explored.Moreover%2C%5C+two%5C+novel%5C+daphnane%5C+diterpenes%5C+with%5C+unusual%5C+4%2C6%5C-epoxide%5C+and%5C+six%5C+totaxins%5C+and%5C+sterols%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+trigonostemon%5C+thyrsoideus.%5C+And%5C+then%2C%5C+one%5C+phenylpropanoid%5C+and%5C+five%5C+sterols%5C+were%5C+found%5C+from%5C+Buddleja%5C+Alternifolia.The%5C+review%5C+outline%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids%5C+and%5C+their%5C+anti%5C-tumor%5C+activities."},{"jsname":"In order to investigate the indole alkaloids, this thesis studied on the chemical constituents of two plants, Neolamarckia cadamba and Plumeria rubra. Forty–one compounds, including ten new compounds were isolated, and the biogenetic pathways of them were proposed.Chapter 1: Study on Chemical Constituents of Neolamarckia cadamba, Thirty–seven compounds were isolated from the leaves of the Neolamarckia cadamba, and thirty–three of them were identified, including ten new compounds. The structural types of these compounds are mainly monoterpenoid indole alkaloids. Among them, compounds 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are considered to be derived biogenetically from the corresponding glycosidic indole alkaloids by introducing the third nitrogen atom into their E ring respectively by the double Mannich–like condensation. It is the first sample that monoterpenoid indole alkaloids could be further modified by amino acids. There is also a novel rearrangement indole alkaloid (compound 6) isolated from this genus.Chapter 2: Study on Chemical Constituents of Plumeria rubra, Four compounds were isolated from the leaves of the Plumeria rubra, and all of them were identified as monoterpenoid indole alkaloids.Chapter 3: Review,Review on the plumeria type compounds, including the chemical structural types, the bioactivity and the plant sources","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AIn%5C+order%5C+to%5C+investigate%5C+the%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids%2C%5C+this%5C+thesis%5C+studied%5C+on%5C+the%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+of%5C+two%5C+plants%2C%5C+Neolamarckia%5C+cadamba%5C+and%5C+Plumeria%5C+rubra.%5C+Forty%E2%80%93one%5C+compounds%2C%5C+including%5C+ten%5C+new%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+isolated%2C%5C+and%5C+the%5C+biogenetic%5C+pathways%5C+of%5C+them%5C+were%5C+proposed.Chapter%5C+1%5C%3A%5C+Study%5C+on%5C+Chemical%5C+Constituents%5C+of%5C+Neolamarckia%5C+cadamba%2C%5C+Thirty%E2%80%93seven%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+leaves%5C+of%5C+the%5C+Neolamarckia%5C+cadamba%2C%5C+and%5C+thirty%E2%80%93three%5C+of%5C+them%5C+were%5C+identified%2C%5C+including%5C+ten%5C+new%5C+compounds.%5C+The%5C+structural%5C+types%5C+of%5C+these%5C+compounds%5C+are%5C+mainly%5C+monoterpenoid%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids.%5C+Among%5C+them%2C%5C+compounds%5C+1%2C%5C+2%2C%5C+3%2C%5C+4%5C+and%5C+5%5C+are%5C+considered%5C+to%5C+be%5C+derived%5C+biogenetically%5C+from%5C+the%5C+corresponding%5C+glycosidic%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids%5C+by%5C+introducing%5C+the%5C+third%5C+nitrogen%5C+atom%5C+into%5C+their%5C+E%5C+ring%5C+respectively%5C+by%5C+the%5C+double%5C+Mannich%E2%80%93like%5C+condensation.%5C+It%5C+is%5C+the%5C+first%5C+sample%5C+that%5C+monoterpenoid%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids%5C+could%5C+be%5C+further%5C+modified%5C+by%5C+amino%5C+acids.%5C+There%5C+is%5C+also%5C+a%5C+novel%5C+rearrangement%5C+indole%5C+alkaloid%5C+%5C%28compound%5C+6%5C%29%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+this%5C+genus.Chapter%5C+2%5C%3A%5C+Study%5C+on%5C+Chemical%5C+Constituents%5C+of%5C+Plumeria%5C+rubra%2C%5C+Four%5C+compounds%5C+were%5C+isolated%5C+from%5C+the%5C+leaves%5C+of%5C+the%5C+Plumeria%5C+rubra%2C%5C+and%5C+all%5C+of%5C+them%5C+were%5C+identified%5C+as%5C+monoterpenoid%5C+indole%5C+alkaloids.Chapter%5C+3%5C%3A%5C+Review%2CReview%5C+on%5C+the%5C+plumeria%5C+type%5C+compounds%2C%5C+including%5C+the%5C+chemical%5C+structural%5C+types%2C%5C+the%5C+bioactivity%5C+and%5C+the%5C+plant%5C+sources"},{"jsname":"In the present study, we focused on “Pterygiella complex”, included Pterygiella Oliver, Xizangia D.Y. Hong, Phtheirospermum Bunge ex Fischer & C.A. Meyer, and Pseudobartsia D.Y. Hong, which is endemic to Eastern Asia. Based on chloroplast and nuclear sequences, we explored their phylogeny relationships within Orobanchaceae, the species relations within Pterygiella, and fruit and seed morphology of traditional tribe Rhinantheae. The phylogeny of “Pterygiella complex” was reconstructed based on nuclear and chloroplast sequences within the family Orobanchaceae. The genera relationship within the complex was reconstructed based on chloroplast sequences of atpB-rbcL, atpH-I, psbA-trnH, rpl16, trnL-F and trnS-G. The results showed that “Pterygiella complex” was not a natural group and could be divided into two different clades. Clade I included most taxa, e.g. Pterygiella, Xizangia, Pseudobartsia, Phtheirospermum (exclude P. japonicum). The species of this clade were endemic to East-Himalaya and Hengduan Mountains region. Clade II included Phtheirospermum japonicum (Thunberg) Kanitz, which was a heterogeneous member in genus Phtheirospermum and should be treated as a new monotypic genus. The results supported that Pterygiella bartschioides Hand.-Mazz. and Phtheirospermum glandulosum Benth. should be elevated to genus level as Xizangia and Pseudobartsia, respectively.Furthermore, we focused on the genus Pterygiella to explore the species’ circumscription by molecular phylogeny, DNA barcodes and morphological studies. The results suggested that Pterygiella should divide into three clades. P. duclouxii was divided into clade I and clade II, and P. nigrescens was included the clade I of these P. duclouxii taxa, with which it shares eglandular hairs on the stem. Clade III included P. suffruticosa and P. cylindrica, while the level of inter- and intra-species variation in two species did not support their distinction. Therefore, P. suffruticosa should move into or considered as a variety of P. cylindrica. The form of stem, leaf veins and the indumentum of stems are key traits for circumscribing the species within the genus. By comparing the effectiveness with core DNA barcodes, ITS-2 can be used as suitable DNA barcode in the genus Pterygiella.Fruit and seed characteristics of 49 species in 21 genera of the tribe Rhinantheae and 9 species in 9 genera of Orobachaceae were examined. 25 characters were selected and analyzed by principal component analysis for discovering the systematic significances. The results suggested four main types and six subtypes were distinguished based on gross seed coat appearance, inner tangential wall and thickenings of radial wall. Fruit and seed data reflect the close relationships within “Pterygiella complex”. While, Xizangia was distinctly different from Pterygiella. Phtheirospermum tenuisectum was more similar to the member of section minutisepala within the genus Phtheiroseprmum. Phtheirospermum japonicum was heterogeneous within the genus Phtheirospermum. On the whole, fruit and seed data supported Xizangia and Pseudobartsia as a genus rank and Phtheirospermum japonicum was a heterogeneous member in Phtheirospermum","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AIn%5C+the%5C+present%5C+study%2C%5C+we%5C+focused%5C+on%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D%2C%5C+included%5C+Pterygiella%5C+Oliver%2C%5C+Xizangia%5C+D.Y.%5C+Hong%2C%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+Bunge%5C+ex%5C+Fischer%5C+%5C%26%5C+C.A.%5C+Meyer%2C%5C+and%5C+Pseudobartsia%5C+D.Y.%5C+Hong%2C%5C+which%5C+is%5C+endemic%5C+to%5C+Eastern%5C+Asia.%5C+Based%5C+on%5C+chloroplast%5C+and%5C+nuclear%5C+sequences%2C%5C+we%5C+explored%5C+their%5C+phylogeny%5C+relationships%5C+within%5C+Orobanchaceae%2C%5C+the%5C+species%5C+relations%5C+within%5C+Pterygiella%2C%5C+and%5C+fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+morphology%5C+of%5C+traditional%5C+tribe%5C+Rhinantheae.%5C+The%5C+phylogeny%5C+of%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D%5C+was%5C+reconstructed%5C+based%5C+on%5C+nuclear%5C+and%5C+chloroplast%5C+sequences%5C+within%5C+the%5C+family%5C+Orobanchaceae.%5C+The%5C+genera%5C+relationship%5C+within%5C+the%5C+complex%5C+was%5C+reconstructed%5C+based%5C+on%5C+chloroplast%5C+sequences%5C+of%5C+atpB%5C-rbcL%2C%5C+atpH%5C-I%2C%5C+psbA%5C-trnH%2C%5C+rpl16%2C%5C+trnL%5C-F%5C+and%5C+trnS%5C-G.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+showed%5C+that%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D%5C+was%5C+not%5C+a%5C+natural%5C+group%5C+and%5C+could%5C+be%5C+divided%5C+into%5C+two%5C+different%5C+clades.%5C+Clade%5C+I%5C+included%5C+most%5C+taxa%2C%5C+e.g.%5C+Pterygiella%2C%5C+Xizangia%2C%5C+Pseudobartsia%2C%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+%5C%28exclude%5C+P.%5C+japonicum%5C%29.%5C+The%5C+species%5C+of%5C+this%5C+clade%5C+were%5C+endemic%5C+to%5C+East%5C-Himalaya%5C+and%5C+Hengduan%5C+Mountains%5C+region.%5C+Clade%5C+II%5C+included%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+japonicum%5C+%5C%28Thunberg%5C%29%5C+Kanitz%2C%5C+which%5C+was%5C+a%5C+heterogeneous%5C+member%5C+in%5C+genus%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+and%5C+should%5C+be%5C+treated%5C+as%5C+a%5C+new%5C+monotypic%5C+genus.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+supported%5C+that%5C+Pterygiella%5C+bartschioides%5C+Hand.%5C-Mazz.%5C+and%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+glandulosum%5C+Benth.%5C+should%5C+be%5C+elevated%5C+to%5C+genus%5C+level%5C+as%5C+Xizangia%5C+and%5C+Pseudobartsia%2C%5C+respectively.Furthermore%2C%5C+we%5C+focused%5C+on%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Pterygiella%5C+to%5C+explore%5C+the%5C+species%E2%80%99%5C+circumscription%5C+by%5C+molecular%5C+phylogeny%2C%5C+DNA%5C+barcodes%5C+and%5C+morphological%5C+studies.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+suggested%5C+that%5C+Pterygiella%5C+should%5C+divide%5C+into%5C+three%5C+clades.%5C+P.%5C+duclouxii%5C+was%5C+divided%5C+into%5C+clade%5C+I%5C+and%5C+clade%5C+II%2C%5C+and%5C+P.%5C+nigrescens%5C+was%5C+included%5C+the%5C+clade%5C+I%5C+of%5C+these%5C+P.%5C+duclouxii%5C+taxa%2C%5C+with%5C+which%5C+it%5C+shares%5C+eglandular%5C+hairs%5C+on%5C+the%5C+stem.%5C+Clade%5C+III%5C+included%5C+P.%5C+suffruticosa%5C+and%5C+P.%5C+cylindrica%2C%5C+while%5C+the%5C+level%5C+of%5C+inter%5C-%5C+and%5C+intra%5C-species%5C+variation%5C+in%5C+two%5C+species%5C+did%5C+not%5C+support%5C+their%5C+distinction.%5C+Therefore%2C%5C+P.%5C+suffruticosa%5C+should%5C+move%5C+into%5C+or%5C+considered%5C+as%5C+a%5C+variety%5C+of%5C+P.%5C+cylindrica.%5C+The%5C+form%5C+of%5C+stem%2C%5C+leaf%5C+veins%5C+and%5C+the%5C+indumentum%5C+of%5C+stems%5C+are%5C+key%5C+traits%5C+for%5C+circumscribing%5C+the%5C+species%5C+within%5C+the%5C+genus.%5C+By%5C+comparing%5C+the%5C+effectiveness%5C+with%5C+core%5C+DNA%5C+barcodes%2C%5C+ITS%5C-2%5C+can%5C+be%5C+used%5C+as%5C+suitable%5C+DNA%5C+barcode%5C+in%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Pterygiella.Fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+characteristics%5C+of%5C+49%5C+species%5C+in%5C+21%5C+genera%5C+of%5C+the%5C+tribe%5C+Rhinantheae%5C+and%5C+9%5C+species%5C+in%5C+9%5C+genera%5C+of%5C+Orobachaceae%5C+were%5C+examined.%5C+25%5C+characters%5C+were%5C+selected%5C+and%5C+analyzed%5C+by%5C+principal%5C+component%5C+analysis%5C+for%5C+discovering%5C+the%5C+systematic%5C+significances.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+suggested%5C+four%5C+main%5C+types%5C+and%5C+six%5C+subtypes%5C+were%5C+distinguished%5C+based%5C+on%5C+gross%5C+seed%5C+coat%5C+appearance%2C%5C+inner%5C+tangential%5C+wall%5C+and%5C+thickenings%5C+of%5C+radial%5C+wall.%5C+Fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+data%5C+reflect%5C+the%5C+close%5C+relationships%5C+within%5C+%E2%80%9CPterygiella%5C+complex%E2%80%9D.%5C+While%2C%5C+Xizangia%5C+was%5C+distinctly%5C+different%5C+from%5C+Pterygiella.%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+tenuisectum%5C+was%5C+more%5C+similar%5C+to%5C+the%5C+member%5C+of%5C+section%5C+minutisepala%5C+within%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Phtheiroseprmum.%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+japonicum%5C+was%5C+heterogeneous%5C+within%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Phtheirospermum.%5C+On%5C+the%5C+whole%2C%5C+fruit%5C+and%5C+seed%5C+data%5C+supported%5C+Xizangia%5C+and%5C+Pseudobartsia%5C+as%5C+a%5C+genus%5C+rank%5C+and%5C+Phtheirospermum%5C+japonicum%5C+was%5C+a%5C+heterogeneous%5C+member%5C+in%5C+Phtheirospermum"},{"jsname":"In this thesis, the chemical constituents of two medicinal plants, Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth and Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait, were systematically studied. Thirty-three compounds, including five new ones (one monoterpene and four sesquiterpenoids), have been obtained by using varied chromatographic methods and separation techniques. These compounds referred to monoterpenes, sesquiterpenoids, secoiridoids, flavonoids, benzyl alcohol derivatives, phenylpropanoids, lignans, tannins and so on. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR, UV, IR and MS techniques. In addition, the chemical and bio-activities researches on the family Fagaceae were summaried. The detailed contents are shown as following: Chapter 1. The chemical constituents of Pogostemon cablin. P. cablin belong to the genus Pogostemon of Labiatae. As a native species of Philippines, Malaysia and India, it has been introduced into China and cultivated widely in Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Taiwan and Yunnan provinces of China. Thirteen compounds, including eight sesquiterpenoids and five flavonoids, were identified from the methanol extracts of the P. cablin. Of eight sesquiterpenoids, four were the new ones. The results of this study will provide the basis for the further using of the herb. Chapter 2. The chemical constituents of Jasminum sambac. J. sambac is one of the family Oleaceae. Its flowers have been commonly used for smoking jasmine tea. J. sambac was native to the south and west of China, India and Arab. The main growing place is Persian Gulf. In this chapter, 20 compounds including one new monoterpenes were obtained from the flower of J. sambac after smoking tea. These constituents referred to monoterpenes, secoiridoids, benzyl alcohol derivatives, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, lignans, tannins and so on. These results will provide some basic for further using of this plant. Chapter 3. The Advance of Chemical Components and Bioactivity of Fagaceous Plants since 1970. The above research resulted three papers, including two research articles and one review.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AIn%5C+this%5C+thesis%2C%5C+the%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+of%5C+two%5C+medicinal%5C+plants%2C%5C+Pogostemon%5C+cablin%5C+%5C%28Blanco%5C%29%5C+Benth%5C+and%5C+Jasminum%5C+sambac%5C+%5C%28L.%5C%29%5C+Ait%2C%5C+were%5C+systematically%5C+studied.%5C+Thirty%5C-three%5C+compounds%2C%5C+including%5C+five%5C+new%5C+ones%5C+%5C%28one%5C+monoterpene%5C+and%5C+four%5C+sesquiterpenoids%5C%29%2C%5C+have%5C+been%5C+obtained%5C+by%5C+using%5C+varied%5C+chromatographic%5C+methods%5C+and%5C+separation%5C+techniques.%5C+These%5C+compounds%5C+referred%5C+to%5C+monoterpenes%2C%5C+sesquiterpenoids%2C%5C+secoiridoids%2C%5C+flavonoids%2C%5C+benzyl%5C+alcohol%5C+derivatives%2C%5C+phenylpropanoids%2C%5C+lignans%2C%5C+tannins%5C+and%5C+so%5C+on.%5C+Their%5C+structures%5C+were%5C+elucidated%5C+by%5C+detailed%5C+spectroscopic%5C+analysis%2C%5C+including%5C+1D%2C%5C+2D%5C+NMR%2C%5C+UV%2C%5C+IR%5C+and%5C+MS%5C+techniques.%5C+In%5C+addition%2C%5C+the%5C+chemical%5C+and%5C+bio%5C-activities%5C+researches%5C+on%5C+the%5C+family%5C+Fagaceae%5C+were%5C+summaried.%5C+The%5C+detailed%5C+contents%5C+are%5C+shown%5C+as%5C+following%5C%3A%5C+Chapter%5C+1.%5C+The%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+of%5C+Pogostemon%5C+cablin.%5C+P.%5C+cablin%5C+belong%5C+to%5C+the%5C+genus%5C+Pogostemon%5C+of%5C+Labiatae.%5C+As%5C+a%5C+native%5C+species%5C+of%5C+Philippines%2C%5C+Malaysia%5C+and%5C+India%2C%5C+it%5C+has%5C+been%5C+introduced%5C+into%5C+China%5C+and%5C+cultivated%5C+widely%5C+in%5C+Guangdong%2C%5C+Hainan%2C%5C+Guangxi%2C%5C+Taiwan%5C+and%5C+Yunnan%5C+provinces%5C+of%5C+China.%5C+Thirteen%5C+compounds%2C%5C+including%5C+eight%5C+sesquiterpenoids%5C+and%5C+five%5C+flavonoids%2C%5C+were%5C+identified%5C+from%5C+the%5C+methanol%5C+extracts%5C+of%5C+the%5C+P.%5C+cablin.%5C+Of%5C+eight%5C+sesquiterpenoids%2C%5C+four%5C+were%5C+the%5C+new%5C+ones.%5C+The%5C+results%5C+of%5C+this%5C+study%5C+will%5C+provide%5C+the%5C+basis%5C+for%5C+the%5C+further%5C+using%5C+of%5C+the%5C+herb.%5C+Chapter%5C+2.%5C+The%5C+chemical%5C+constituents%5C+of%5C+Jasminum%5C+sambac.%5C+J.%5C+sambac%5C+is%5C+one%5C+of%5C+the%5C+family%5C+Oleaceae.%5C+Its%5C+flowers%5C+have%5C+been%5C+commonly%5C+used%5C+for%5C+smoking%5C+jasmine%5C+tea.%5C+J.%5C+sambac%5C+was%5C+native%5C+to%5C+the%5C+south%5C+and%5C+west%5C+of%5C+China%2C%5C+India%5C+and%5C+Arab.%5C+The%5C+main%5C+growing%5C+place%5C+is%5C+Persian%5C+Gulf.%5C+In%5C+this%5C+chapter%2C%5C+20%5C+compounds%5C+including%5C+one%5C+new%5C+monoterpenes%5C+were%5C+obtained%5C+from%5C+the%5C+flower%5C+of%5C+J.%5C+sambac%5C+after%5C+smoking%5C+tea.%5C+These%5C+constituents%5C+referred%5C+to%5C+monoterpenes%2C%5C+secoiridoids%2C%5C+benzyl%5C+alcohol%5C+derivatives%2C%5C+flavonoids%2C%5C+phenylpropanoids%2C%5C+lignans%2C%5C+tannins%5C+and%5C+so%5C+on.%5C+These%5C+results%5C+will%5C+provide%5C+some%5C+basic%5C+for%5C+further%5C+using%5C+of%5C+this%5C+plant.%5C+Chapter%5C+3.%5C+The%5C+Advance%5C+of%5C+Chemical%5C+Components%5C+and%5C+Bioactivity%5C+of%5C+Fagaceous%5C+Plants%5C+since%5C+1970.%5C+%5C+The%5C+above%5C+research%5C+resulted%5C+three%5C+papers%2C%5C+including%5C+two%5C+research%5C+articles%5C+and%5C+one%5C+review."},{"jsname":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science[1264402271]","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AJapan%5C+Society%5C+for%5C+the%5C+Promotion%5C+of%5C+Science%5C%5B1264402271%5C%5D"},{"jsname":"Medicinal plant resource is one of the most important natural resources. China is well-known in the world for its richness in medicinal plant diversity and use knowledge. Some of the plant resources are developed industrially, while the others maintain the traditional use still. However, the extended resources utilization has caused the dramatic increase in demand and the exhaustion of resources. Thus, it is become one of the most important research topics that how to use medicinal resources rationally without resource depletion and those studies need to be supported by knowledge, information and data of related disciplines. On the bassis of authoritative books, literature searches and field survey, we constructed an herbal information database as an approach for data managing. Along the theme that how medicinal resources (plant species) used in various medicinal systems (traditional Chinese medicine, folk medicine), we developed a database integrating species information, herbal knowledge and usage information of about 10,000 medicinal plants, which have satisfied the data requirement of our study and analysis. In addition, we will shear data for research and decision-making by online database service. Finally, to verify the supporting function of this database in study and decision-making, and to explore new research methods of plant resources sustainable use, we applied research methods used in social statistics, such as logistic regression analysis, discriminant analysis and correspondence analysis. In addition, statistics and the analysis of typical medical systems were developed for studies on the resource usage and its sustainability factors. The data analysis showed as following: (1) Studies about plant resources sustainable utilization needs to be supported by integrated data of related subjects.(2) Applications of traditional medicines increased steadily. There was a substantial increase of Chinese patent medicines documented in each editions of pharmacopoeia, involving about 600-800 species of medicinal plant resources. But the modernization and development of medicinal plant resources have caused the resources depletion and cultivation. And there is a trend that the caltivation supplies the rescources demand (3) Whether plant resource will be depleted or not, is affected by the distribution of plant population, the rehabilitation ability of plants, the damage of human harvesting, and the advance in herb cultivation.(4) There is a considerable proportion of an unreasonable development pattern that cultivation is promoted by resource depletion. Two main reasons caused the exhaustion: lacking investigation in the supply abilities of wild plants and legging of wild species domestication. It is unwise to follow the existing developmental pattern, which will cause more resource depletion and biodiversity damage. Finally, on the basis of our study, we have proposed some reasonable strategies to avoid irrational factors in the herbal resources exploitation: Ø Develop traditional medicines furtherly for new medicinal resources. Ø Protect the plant wild resources and develop cultivation in herbal drug explotation. Ø Establish regulatory agencies and formulate policies of herbal resources development. Ø Continue to improve the database of medicinal plants with integrated data.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AMedicinal%5C+plant%5C+resource%5C+is%5C+one%5C+of%5C+the%5C+most%5C+important%5C+natural%5C+resources.%5C+China%5C+is%5C+well%5C-known%5C+in%5C+the%5C+world%5C+for%5C+its%5C+richness%5C+in%5C+medicinal%5C+plant%5C+diversity%5C+and%5C+use%5C+knowledge.%5C+Some%5C+of%5C+the%5C+plant%5C+resources%5C+are%5C+developed%5C+industrially%2C%5C+while%5C+the%5C+others%5C+maintain%5C+the%5C+traditional%5C+use%5C+still.%5C+However%2C%5C+the%5C+extended%5C+resources%5C+utilization%5C+has%5C+caused%5C+the%5C+dramatic%5C+increase%5C+in%5C+demand%5C+and%5C+the%5C+exhaustion%5C+of%5C+resources.%5C+Thus%2C%5C+it%5C+is%5C+become%5C+one%5C+of%5C+the%5C+most%5C+important%5C+research%5C+topics%5C+that%5C+how%5C+to%5C+use%5C+medicinal%5C+resources%5C+rationally%5C+without%5C+resource%5C+depletion%5C+and%5C+those%5C+studies%5C+need%5C+to%5C+be%5C+supported%5C+by%5C+knowledge%2C%5C+information%5C+and%5C+data%5C+of%5C+related%5C+disciplines.%5C+On%5C+the%5C+bassis%5C+of%5C+authoritative%5C+books%2C%5C+literature%5C+searches%5C+and%5C+field%5C+survey%2C%5C+we%5C+constructed%5C+an%5C+herbal%5C+information%5C+database%5C+as%5C+an%5C+approach%5C+for%5C+data%5C+managing.%5C+Along%5C+the%5C+theme%5C+that%5C+how%5C+medicinal%5C+resources%5C+%5C%28plant%5C+species%5C%29%5C+used%5C+in%5C+various%5C+medicinal%5C+systems%5C+%5C%28traditional%5C+Chinese%5C+medicine%2C%5C+folk%5C+medicine%5C%29%2C%5C+we%5C+developed%5C+a%5C+database%5C+integrating%5C+species%5C+information%2C%5C+herbal%5C+knowledge%5C+and%5C+usage%5C+information%5C+of%5C+about%5C+10%2C000%5C+medicinal%5C+plants%2C%5C+which%5C+have%5C+satisfied%5C+the%5C+data%5C+requirement%5C+of%5C+our%5C+study%5C+and%5C+analysis.%5C+In%5C+addition%2C%5C+we%5C+will%5C+shear%5C+data%5C+for%5C+research%5C+and%5C+decision%5C-making%5C+by%5C+online%5C+database%5C+service.%5C+Finally%2C%5C+to%5C+verify%5C+the%5C+supporting%5C+function%5C+of%5C+this%5C+database%5C+in%5C+study%5C+and%5C+decision%5C-making%2C%5C+and%5C+to%5C+explore%5C+new%5C+research%5C+methods%5C+of%5C+plant%5C+resources%5C+sustainable%5C+use%2C%5C+we%5C+applied%5C+research%5C+methods%5C+used%5C+in%5C+social%5C+statistics%2C%5C+such%5C+as%5C+logistic%5C+regression%5C+analysis%2C%5C+discriminant%5C+analysis%5C+and%5C+correspondence%5C+analysis.%5C+In%5C+addition%2C%5C+statistics%5C+and%5C+the%5C+analysis%5C+of%5C+typical%5C+medical%5C+systems%5C+were%5C+developed%5C+for%5C+studies%5C+on%5C+the%5C+resource%5C+usage%5C+and%5C+its%5C+sustainability%5C+factors.%5C+The%5C+data%5C+analysis%5C+showed%5C+as%5C+following%5C%3A%5C+%5C%281%5C%29%5C+Studies%5C+about%5C+plant%5C+resources%5C+sustainable%5C+utilization%5C+needs%5C+to%5C+be%5C+supported%5C+by%5C+integrated%5C+data%5C+of%5C+related%5C+subjects.%5C%282%5C%29%5C+Applications%5C+of%5C+traditional%5C+medicines%5C+increased%5C+steadily.%5C+There%5C+was%5C+a%5C+substantial%5C+increase%5C+of%5C+Chinese%5C+patent%5C+medicines%5C+documented%5C+in%5C+each%5C+editions%5C+of%5C+pharmacopoeia%2C%5C+involving%5C+about%5C+600%5C-800%5C+species%5C+of%5C+medicinal%5C+plant%5C+resources.%5C+But%5C+the%5C+modernization%5C+and%5C+development%5C+of%5C+medicinal%5C+plant%5C+resources%5C+have%5C+caused%5C+the%5C+resources%5C+depletion%5C+and%5C+cultivation.%5C+And%5C+there%5C+is%5C+a%5C+trend%5C+that%5C+the%5C+caltivation%5C+supplies%5C+the%5C+rescources%5C+demand%5C+%5C%283%5C%29%5C+Whether%5C+plant%5C+resource%5C+will%5C+be%5C+depleted%5C+or%5C+not%2C%5C+is%5C+affected%5C+by%5C+the%5C+distribution%5C+of%5C+plant%5C+population%2C%5C+the%5C+rehabilitation%5C+ability%5C+of%5C+plants%2C%5C+the%5C+damage%5C+of%5C+human%5C+harvesting%2C%5C+and%5C+the%5C+advance%5C+in%5C+herb%5C+cultivation.%5C%284%5C%29%5C+There%5C+is%5C+a%5C+considerable%5C+proportion%5C+of%5C+an%5C+unreasonable%5C+development%5C+pattern%5C+that%5C+cultivation%5C+is%5C+promoted%5C+by%5C+resource%5C+depletion.%5C+Two%5C+main%5C+reasons%5C+caused%5C+the%5C+exhaustion%5C%3A%5C+lacking%5C+investigation%5C+in%5C+the%5C+supply%5C+abilities%5C+of%5C+wild%5C+plants%5C+and%5C+legging%5C+of%5C+wild%5C+species%5C+domestication.%5C+It%5C+is%5C+unwise%5C+to%5C+follow%5C+the%5C+existing%5C+developmental%5C+pattern%2C%5C+which%5C+will%5C+cause%5C+more%5C+resource%5C+depletion%5C+and%5C+biodiversity%5C+damage.%5C+Finally%2C%5C+on%5C+the%5C+basis%5C+of%5C+our%5C+study%2C%5C+we%5C+have%5C+proposed%5C+some%5C+reasonable%5C+strategies%5C+to%5C+avoid%5C+irrational%5C+factors%5C+in%5C+the%5C+herbal%5C+resources%5C+exploitation%5C%3A%5C+%C3%98%5C+Develop%5C+traditional%5C+medicines%5C+furtherly%5C+for%5C+new%5C+medicinal%5C+resources.%5C+%C3%98%5C+Protect%5C+the%5C+plant%5C+wild%5C+resources%5C+and%5C+develop%5C+cultivation%5C+in%5C+herbal%5C+drug%5C+explotation.%5C+%C3%98%5C+Establish%5C+regulatory%5C+agencies%5C+and%5C+formulate%5C+policies%5C+of%5C+herbal%5C+resources%5C+development.%5C+%C3%98%5C+Continue%5C+to%5C+improve%5C+the%5C+database%5C+of%5C+medicinal%5C+plants%5C+with%5C+integrated%5C+data."},{"jsname":"Ministry of environmental protection of China[Y61D031271]","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AMinistry%5C+of%5C+environmental%5C+protection%5C+of%5C+China%5C%5BY61D031271%5C%5D"},{"jsname":"Mt. Jiaozi from Yunnan is located in the eastern of the Central Yunnan Plateau, falling between the Pudu river and the Xiaojiang river, between the Jinshajiang river to the north and the Zhuanlong town of Luquan county to the south. It stands in the boundary of the Sino-Himalayan forest subkingdom and the Sino-Japan forest subkingdom, so it has a significant status, dew to the heterogeneous geographical environment and the sharp elevation drop in addition. Through field survey, specimens collection and identification and literatures consultion, we have obtained a brief list of Mt. Jiaozi, about 1517 species in 141 families and 531 genera, including varieties and subspices, among of which, there are 23 species in 7 families and 12 genera of gymnosperm. Based on statistic analysis, we get some conclusions as below. 1. As a type locality for many species, with various biodiversity and as much as endemism and some endangered plants, the flora of Mt. Jiaozi is viewed as a key area which should be paid special attention to. The flora constitution of this area has complex origins and multiple elements through the statistics. 2. The modern flora of Mt. jiaozi mainly includes the Chinese endemic elements and the Asian endemic elements, these two parts take up 81.65%. The characteristic of this flora is typically temperate. 3. Mt. Jiaozi is the north or the south distribution limitation to some important species as a floristic node. For example, species as Ephedra likiangensis, Solms-Laubachia pulcherrima, Soroseris hirsute, Paraquilegia microphylla which were used to be throught as limited in the northwestern of Yunnan had been found in this area. It indicates that, Mt. Jiaozi should become one of the foci of the flora regionalization in Yunnan, even in China. 4. In the view of the endemism of 6 families and 66 genera and 544 species in East Asian, this eara is a part of the East Asiatic Kingdom. The status of the flora of Mt. jiaozi in the East Asiatic Kingdom should be classified as Central Yunnan plateau subregion--Yunnan plateau region--Sino-Himalayan forest subkingdom.","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AMt.%5C+Jiaozi%5C+from%5C+Yunnan%5C+is%5C+located%5C+in%5C+the%5C+eastern%5C+of%5C+the%5C+Central%5C+Yunnan%5C+Plateau%2C%5C+falling%5C+between%5C+the%5C+Pudu%5C+river%5C+and%5C+the%5C+Xiaojiang%5C+river%2C%5C+between%5C+the%5C+Jinshajiang%5C+river%5C+to%5C+the%5C+north%5C+and%5C+the%5C+Zhuanlong%5C+town%5C+of%5C+Luquan%5C+county%5C+to%5C+the%5C+south.%5C+It%5C+stands%5C+in%5C+the%5C+boundary%5C+of%5C+the%5C+Sino%5C-Himalayan%5C+forest%5C+subkingdom%5C+and%5C+the%5C+Sino%5C-Japan%5C+forest%5C+subkingdom%2C%5C+so%5C+it%5C+has%5C+a%5C+significant%5C+status%2C%5C+dew%5C+to%5C+the%5C+heterogeneous%5C+geographical%5C+environment%5C+and%5C+the%5C+sharp%5C+elevation%5C+drop%5C+in%5C+addition.%5C+Through%5C+field%5C+survey%2C%5C+specimens%5C+collection%5C+and%5C+identification%5C+and%5C+literatures%5C+consultion%2C%5C+we%5C+have%5C+obtained%5C+a%5C+brief%5C+list%5C+of%5C+Mt.%5C+Jiaozi%2C%5C+about%5C+1517%5C+species%5C+in%5C+141%5C+families%5C+and%5C+531%5C+genera%2C%5C+including%5C+varieties%5C+and%5C+subspices%2C%5C+among%5C+of%5C+which%2C%5C+there%5C+are%5C+23%5C+species%5C+in%5C+7%5C+families%5C+and%5C+12%5C+genera%5C+of%5C+gymnosperm.%5C+Based%5C+on%5C+statistic%5C+analysis%2C%5C+we%5C+get%5C+some%5C+conclusions%5C+as%5C+below.%5C+1.%5C+As%5C+a%5C+type%5C+locality%5C+for%5C+many%5C+species%2C%5C+with%5C+various%5C+biodiversity%5C+and%5C+as%5C+much%5C+as%5C+endemism%5C+and%5C+some%5C+endangered%5C+plants%2C%5C+the%5C+flora%5C+of%5C+Mt.%5C+Jiaozi%5C+is%5C+viewed%5C+as%5C+a%5C+key%5C+area%5C+which%5C+should%5C+be%5C+paid%5C+special%5C+attention%5C+to.%5C+The%5C+flora%5C+constitution%5C+of%5C+this%5C+area%5C+has%5C+complex%5C+origins%5C+and%5C+multiple%5C+elements%5C+through%5C+the%5C+statistics.%5C+2.%5C+The%5C+modern%5C+flora%5C+of%5C+Mt.%5C+jiaozi%5C+mainly%5C+includes%5C+the%5C+Chinese%5C+endemic%5C+elements%5C+and%5C+the%5C+Asian%5C+endemic%5C+elements%2C%5C+these%5C+two%5C+parts%5C+take%5C+up%5C+81.65%25.%5C+The%5C+characteristic%5C+of%5C+this%5C+flora%5C+is%5C+typically%5C+temperate.%5C+3.%5C+Mt.%5C+Jiaozi%5C+is%5C+the%5C+north%5C+or%5C+the%5C+south%5C+distribution%5C+limitation%5C+to%5C+some%5C+important%5C+species%5C+as%5C+a%5C+floristic%5C+node.%5C+For%5C+example%2C%5C+species%5C+as%5C+Ephedra%5C+likiangensis%2C%5C+Solms%5C-Laubachia%5C+pulcherrima%2C%5C+Soroseris%5C+hirsute%2C%5C+Paraquilegia%5C+microphylla%5C+which%5C+were%5C+used%5C+to%5C+be%5C+throught%5C+as%5C+limited%5C+in%5C+the%5C+northwestern%5C+of%5C+Yunnan%5C+had%5C+been%5C+found%5C+in%5C+this%5C+area.%5C+It%5C+indicates%5C+that%2C%5C+Mt.%5C+Jiaozi%5C+should%5C+become%5C+one%5C+of%5C+the%5C+foci%5C+of%5C+the%5C+flora%5C+regionalization%5C+in%5C+Yunnan%2C%5C+even%5C+in%5C+China.%5C+4.%5C+In%5C+the%5C+view%5C+of%5C+the%5C+endemism%5C+of%5C+6%5C+families%5C+and%5C+66%5C+genera%5C+and%5C+544%5C+species%5C+in%5C+East%5C+Asian%2C%5C+this%5C+eara%5C+is%5C+a%5C+part%5C+of%5C+the%5C+East%5C+Asiatic%5C+Kingdom.%5C+The%5C+status%5C+of%5C+the%5C+flora%5C+of%5C+Mt.%5C+jiaozi%5C+in%5C+the%5C+East%5C+Asiatic%5C+Kingdom%5C+should%5C+be%5C+classified%5C+as%5C+Central%5C+Yunnan%5C+plateau%5C+subregion%5C-%5C-Yunnan%5C+plateau%5C+region%5C-%5C-Sino%5C-Himalayan%5C+forest%5C+subkingdom."},{"jsname":"Mushroom Research Foundation","jscount":"1","jsurl":"/simple-search?field1=all&field=dc.citation.source_filter&advanced=false&query1=OFFICINALIS&&fq=dc.project.title_filter%3AMushroom%5C+Research%5C+Foundation"},{"jsname":"lastIndexed","jscount":"2024-06-22"}],"资助项目","dc.project.title_filter")'>
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