茄科作物种间单向不亲和机制及抗虫分子机理研究

	茄科作物种间单向不亲和机制及抗虫分子机理研究
	张翠萍
导师	吴建强
关键词	单向不亲和性，抗虫，番茄，马铃薯 unilateral incompatibility, insect resistant, tomato, potato
摘要	单向不亲和性是普遍存在于植物中的一种种间生殖障碍，表现为不同物种进行杂交授粉时，出现单一方向授粉不亲和的现象。该现象限制了多种种间杂交的进行，是当前杂交制种中面临的主要问题。然而，目前我们对该生理过程的调控机制及如何打破这种生殖障碍还知之甚少。最近，尽管单向不亲和因子ODC2和FPS2被报道参与调控番茄种间单向不亲和性，但这两个因子如何相互作用发挥调控作用并不清楚。且除此之外，是否存在其它的未知单向不亲和因子也不得而知。基于此，本论文通过化学分析及花粉管体外萌发的实验，鉴定了一个新的可能由ODC2调控的单向不亲和性化合物，且发现该化合物可能参与调控ODC2与FPS2的相互作用。此外，我们还结合正向遗传学与反向遗传学，发现乙烯信号途径中存在新的候选单向不亲和花柱因子，而12号染色体存在新的的单向不亲和花粉因子。这些原创性研究成果将为未来深入探究及解析茄科作物种间单向不亲和性分子机制奠定重要基础。在自然环境中，植物经常面临各种生物及非生物胁迫。其中，昆虫取食是植物面临的重要生物胁迫之一，其严重影响多种重要经济作物的产量，比如番茄和马铃薯。目前，关于番茄抗虫分子机理的研究已经比较深入，但关于单向不亲和因子抗虫功能的研究还未见报道。相较于番茄，马铃薯整个研究领域的研究还处于起步阶段，目前，关于马铃薯抗虫机理的研究还鲜有报道。基于此，本论文结合其它物种抗虫机理研究工作，对番茄种间单向不亲和因子ODC2的抗虫功能及机理进行了初步探究，发现ODC2参与调控番茄对昆虫取食的特异响应，并且茉莉酸信号途径可能参与其中。此外我们探究了马铃薯中StMPK6在马铃薯抵御昆虫取食中的功能，发现StMPK6在激酶活性水平特异响应昆虫取食，且该激酶的调控功能可能不同于其它物种。这些新的发现为进一步从进化上理解植物抗虫分子机理奠定了重要基础。; Unilateral incompatibility (UI) is a common interspecific reproductive barrier in angiosperm. It occurs when plants from different plant species cross, the fertilization successes only in a unilateral direction. This caused restriction of lots of interspecific crossing, and it is becoming a major problem of crossbreeding. Nevertheless, our current knowledge to the regulatory mechanisms of UI and how to break it is still very limited. Recently, despite that two novel factors, ODC2 and FPS2, were demonstrated to function critically in UI, how these two factors interact and if there is any other unidentified factors involved in the process is unknown. In this study, by performing experiments in chemical analysis and pollen germination in vitro, we identified a novel metabolite which may be controlled by ODC2 functioning importantly in the interaction of ODC2 and FPS2 in UI. Besides, by combining forward and reverse genetic method, we found that the ethylene signaling pathway comprises a new pistil factor and the chromosome 12 contains a new pollen factor of UI. These original findings will lay important foundation for further exploration of the mechanisms by which UI occurs in the inter-species of tomato. In nature, plants often suffer from different biotic and abiotic stresses, among which insect feeding is one of the most biotic stresses that plants face. It severely affects the production of many economic plants including tomato and potato. Currently, although the research on the molecular studies of tomato resistance to insects has been intensively studied, the insect resistant function of a UI factor has never been reported. Besides, in comparison to tomato, the researches in potato are still at a very early stage. To date, there is few studies on the molecular mechanisms of how potato defend against herbivores. In term of these problems, this study carried out a series of preliminary studies to illustrate the anti-insect function and molecular mechanisms by which ODC2 mediated in tomato response to herbivores. It was found that the UI factor ODC2 may be controlled by JA signaling pathway, regulating tomato responses to insects specifically. Besides, we also examined the function of StMPK6 in potato resistance to herbivores. The result showed that StMPK6 could response to insect feeding specifically at its kinase activity level, and its regulatory function may different from other plant species. Taken together, these novel findings lay important foundation for further deep understanding of the mechanisms evolutionarily by which plant defend against insects.
语种	中文
	2022-07
学位授予单位	中国科学院大学
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/75216
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张翠萍. 茄科作物种间单向不亲和机制及抗虫分子机理研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2022.

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