天麻花茎中活性成分及应用探索

	天麻花茎中活性成分及应用探索
	李芝兰
导师	胡江苗
关键词	天麻，天麻花茎，活性成分，药理活性 Gastrodia elata, The aerial parts of Gastrodia elata, Active ingredients, Pharmacological activity.
摘要	天麻在中枢神经系统方面的疾病起着重要的作用。基于前期研究结果发现从天麻花茎中分离得到的化学成分种类异于天麻块茎中的化学成分，同时还发现一类多聚苄醇类化合物具有较好的抗菌活性。故此，本文对天麻花茎的化学成分进行了进一步探索，并且在抗菌活性和神经系统方面疾病的活性进行了初步探索。第一章，综述了天麻地上部分和地下部分的化学成分和药理活性，为天麻的提取分离工作的开展及生物活性研究提供参考。第二章，对兰科天麻属植物天麻的花茎（地上部分）开展了植物化学研究。通过各种色谱技术进行分离纯化，并结合质谱、核磁共振（包括1H NMR和13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, HSQC和ROESY）等波谱学方法，共鉴定了40个化合物，包括10个新化合物和30个已知化合物。化合物类型包括黄酮类、酰胺类、多聚苄醇类、桑呋喃类和木脂素类等化合物及其衍生物。其中桑呋喃类化合物、多异戊烯基取代黄酮类化合物和木脂素类化合物为首次从天麻中分离得到，极大的丰富了天麻属植物中的化合物类型。并对分离得到的部分化合物进行了抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌活性和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性的筛选。研究结果表明，化合物1，5，6，12，13，14，15，17，18，20和22具有较好的抗MRSA活性，化合物2，3，9，14，18，21和22具有较好的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。; Gastrodia elata has importantly effects on diseases of the central nervous system. Based on previous research, we found there was difference in the compounds isolated from the aerial parts of Gastrodia elata compared to those isolated from the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata, and found that polybenzyl alcohols exhibit active antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the thesis further explored the aerial parts of Gastrodia elata to discover more active ingredients possessing antimicrobial activity and effects on the nervous system diseases. The first chapter reviewed the constituents and the biological activities of the rhizomes and the aerial parts of Gastrodia elata, providing a reference for the development of the extraction and separation of Gastrodia elata and the study of its biological activities. In the second chapter, phytochemical research was carried out on the aerial part of Gastrodia elata. Separated and purified by various chromatographic techniques, combined with mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, HSQC and ROESY) and other spectroscopic methods, a total of 40 compounds were identified, containing 10 new compounds. The types of compounds involved flavonoids, amides, polybenzyl alcohols, mulberrins and lignans and their derivatives. A series of flavonoids, polybenzyl alcohols, mulberrins and lignans were isolated from Gastrodia elata for the first time. Particularly, the isolation of mulberrins, polyprenylflavones and polybenzyl alcohol compounds greatly enriched the types of compounds in Gastrodia elata. And some compounds isolated from the aerial part of Gastrodia elata were screened for anti-MRSA activity and AChE-inhibibiting activity. The results suggest compounds 1, 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20 and 22 possess active anti-MRSA activity, and that compounds 2, 3, 9, 14, 18, 21 and 22 can inhibit effectively AChE activity.
语种	中文
	2022-05
学位授予单位	中国科学院大学
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/75166
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李芝兰. 天麻花茎中活性成分及应用探索[D]. 中国科学院大学,2022.

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