Unravelling the genetic diversity and population structure of common walnut in the Iranian Plateau

doi:10.1186/s12870-023-04190-2

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	Unravelling the genetic diversity and population structure of common walnut in the Iranian Plateau
	Shavvon,Robabeh Shahi; Qi,Hai-Ling; Mafakheri,Mohammad; Fan,Pen-Zheng; Wu,Hong-Yu; Vahdati,Fatemeh Bazdid; Al-Shmgani,Hanady S.; Wang,Yue-Hua; Liu,Jie
	2023
发表期刊	BMC PLANT BIOLOGY
卷号	23 期号:1 页码:201
摘要	BackgroundCommon walnut (Juglans regia L.) has a long cultivation history, given its highly valuable wood and rich nutritious nuts. The Iranian Plateau has been considered as one of the last glaciation refugia and a centre of origin and domestication for the common walnut. However, a prerequisite to conserve or utilize the genetic resources of J. regia in the plateau is a comprehensive evaluation of the genetic diversity that is conspicuously lacking. In this regard, we used 31 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to delineate the genetic variation and population structure of 508 J. regia individuals among 27 populations from the Iranian Plateau.ResultsThe SSR markers expressed a high level of genetic diversity (H-O = 0.438, and H-E = 0.437). Genetic differentiation among the populations was moderate (F-ST = 0.124), and genetic variation within the populations (79%) significantly surpassed among populations (21%). The gene flow (N-m = 1.840) may have remarkably influenced the population genetic structure of J. regia, which can be attributed to anthropological activities and wind dispersal of pollen. The STRUCTURE analysis divided the 27 populations into two main clusters. Comparing the neighbor-joining and principal coordinate analysis dendrograms and the Bayesian STRUCTURE analysis revealed the general agreement between the population subdivisions and the genetic relationships among the populations. However, a few geographically close populations dispersed into different clusters. Further, the low genetic diversity of the Sulaymaniyah (SMR) population of Iraq necessitates urgent conservation by propagation and seedling management or tissue culture methods; additionally, we recommend the indispensable preservation of the Gonabad (RGR) and Arak (AKR) populations in Iran.ConclusionsThese results reflected consistent high geographical affinity of the accession across the plateau. Our findings suggest that gene flow is a driving factor influencing the genetic structure of J. regia populations, whereas ecological and geological variables did not act as strong barriers. Moreover, the data reported herein provide new insights into the population structure of J. regia germplasm, which will help conserve genetic resources for the future, hence improving walnut breeding programs' efficiency.
关键词	Common walnut Germplasm conservation Genetic variation Iranian Plateau Persian walnut Population structure Refugia JUGLANS-REGIA L. PERSIAN WALNUT GENOTYPES MARKERS JUGLANDACEAE VARIABILITY PHYLOGENY SINENSIS PROGRAM
学科领域	Plant Sciences
DOI	10.1186/s12870-023-04190-2
WOS记录号	WOS:000970131800001
引用统计	被引频次：13[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74940
专题	中国科学院昆明植物研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Shavvon,Robabeh Shahi,Qi,Hai-Ling,Mafakheri,Mohammad,et al. Unravelling the genetic diversity and population structure of common walnut in the Iranian Plateau[J]. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY,2023,23(1):201.
APA	Shavvon,Robabeh Shahi.,Qi,Hai-Ling.,Mafakheri,Mohammad.,Fan,Pen-Zheng.,Wu,Hong-Yu.,...&Liu,Jie.(2023).Unravelling the genetic diversity and population structure of common walnut in the Iranian Plateau.BMC PLANT BIOLOGY,23(1),201.
MLA	Shavvon,Robabeh Shahi,et al."Unravelling the genetic diversity and population structure of common walnut in the Iranian Plateau".BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 23.1(2023):201.

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