野生蓖麻的遗传变异和栽培起源

	野生蓖麻的遗传变异和栽培起源; Genetic variation of wild castor bean and cultivation origin
	SAMMY MURAGURI MUTEGI
导师	刘爱忠
摘要	Castor (Ricinus communis L., 2n = 20) is an important non-edible oil seed crop. Its seeds are rich in hydroxylated fatty acid oils and have important applications in industries. They are often used for making lubricants, paints, coatings, nylon, polymer material and also ideal raw materials for biodiesel. Although castor has strong adaptability and is widely cultivated worldwide, breeding of castor is relatively limited. Exploring castor germplasm resources and cultivation of good varieties suitable for different marginal lands is one of the core contents of the current castor industry. Wild castor germplasm is an important resource for genetic breeding. For a long time, due to the limited distribution of wild castor, systematic research has been lacking. Based on the field survey and genome variation analysis of wild castor in East Africa (Kenya and Ethiopia), this study explored the variations in genetic diversity of wild castor and the origin of castor cultivars. The research results are of great significance to understand the evolution of the castor plant and exploration of germplasm resources. The main research includes the following three aspects: 1. Intraspecific variation and cultivation origin based on chloroplast genomes The wide use of castor oil in industrial applications and generation of bio-diesel has led to the upscaling of castor bean cultivation in many countries. Cultivar and wild castor bean exhibit phenotype plasticity that raises interest to uncover their genetic variation. Chloroplast genomes are extensively applied in population genetics and evolutionary studies. Herein, chloroplast genome sequencing of 20 wild and cultivar castor bean accessions was undertaken to explore PSVs. Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (InDels), were detected while plastome sequences were utilized to deduce the phylogenetic relationships. The 12 chloroplast genomes were quadripartite, with a length between 162,673 bp and 163,210 bp, with 112 genes (78 protein coding genes; PCGs, 30 tRNAs, and four rRNAs). The plastomes were conserved in structure and content, with no PSVs identified except for a slight inverted repeat (IR) contraction in one accession. Moreover, both coding and noncoding regions showed uniform number of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) except in E25 and K314 accessions. In total, 162 SNPs and 92 InDels were detected throughout the chloroplast genomes, with a mean SNP and InDel density of 0.99 and 0.56 per kb respectively. A number of the non-synonymous substitutions resulted in amino acid changes in functional domains. One InDel identified in wild individual E25 from Ethiopia was positioned in rpl32 gene that codes for ribosomal protein L32. Irrespective of the Indel being classified as a frameshift mutation, it did not result in amino acid changes in the ribosomal_L32p domain of rpl32 gene. Therefore, it may not interrupt the function of the gene. Intergenic spacers AccD-psaI and with the
	2021-11
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74619
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	SAMMY MURAGURI MUTEGI. 野生蓖麻的遗传变异和栽培起源, Genetic variation of wild castor bean and cultivation origin[D],2021.

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