药用植物三七的四倍体开发与性状评价

	药用植物三七的四倍体开发与性状评价; Development and characterization of Panax notoginseng tetraploid
	陈佳奇
导师	李唯奇
摘要	Panax notoginseng(Burk.) F.H. Chen is a perennial unique and precious medicinal herb of Panax in Araliaceae. Total saponins are the main active components of Panax notoginseng, which have anti-inflammatory, lipid regulating, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-tumor effects. The output value of related industries of Panax notoginseng reached 100 billion yuan, but the continuous cropping obstacles, pests and heavy metal residues of Panax notoginseng seriously hindered the industrial development. Therefore, breeding new varieties of Panax notoginseng with disease resistance is one of the main directions to promote the development of Panax notoginseng industry. The wild population of Panax notoginseng has been mined out, and its genetic diversity is relatively single, so it is difficult for traditional breeding and cross breeding. Polyploid plants often have the advantages of large biomass, high content of secondary metabolites and strong resistance due to the doubling of genome. Panax notoginseng is a diploid plant, and this characteristic makes it possible to cultivate new tetraploid varieties with high saponin content and strong resistance through polyploid breeding, which may solve the industrial problems of Panax notoginseng. Thus, to develop tetraploid Panax notoginseng provide important social and economic value. In order to obtain polyploid plants, microtubule inhibitors such as colchicine are often used to treat the seeds, stems, buds or in vitro materials of plants. But it is difficult to obtain homozygous polyploid plants due to low induction efficiency and high proportion of chimera. In vitro chromosome doubling of embryogenic callus can effectively improve induction efficiency and avoid chimerism. In the present study, the tetraploid plants of Panax notoginseng were obtained by colchicine with 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% treated embryogenic cell aggregate of 0.1-0.2 mm for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The characteristics of tetraploid Panax notoginseng were systematically evaluated by comparing diploid in embryogenic callus, somatic embryo and plantlet stage. The main results are as follows: The embryogenic cell aggregate of 0.1-0.2 mm was suitable for in vitro induction of tetraploid Panax notoginseng and the highest induction rate of diploid and tetraploid cell mixture was 14.29%, which was obtain after 72 h treatment of 0.15% colchicine. Tetraploid embryogenic callus were obtained by three ways: proliferation after exfoliation of embryogenic callus, induction of tetraploid rhizome and single embryo. Although the proliferation rate of tetraploid embryogenic callus was faster, and the somatic embryo of tetraploid was stronger than diploid, but the growth rate and the rooting was slow in tetraploid. The stomatal guard cells in the leaves of the tetraploid plantlet were larger than diploid and the stomatal density decreased in 110 days. the whole plant fresh weight, stem diameter, leaf area and leaf width of five-month tetraploid plantlet wer
	2021-05
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74616
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈佳奇. 药用植物三七的四倍体开发与性状评价, Development and characterization of Panax notoginseng tetraploid[D],2021.

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