民族植物学视角下塔吉克族生态日历及其气候适应性研究

	民族植物学视角下塔吉克族生态日历及其气候适应性研究; Ethnobotanical Research on the Tajik Ecological Calendar and its Climatic Adaptation in the Parmis
	杨慧钊
导师	许建初
摘要	Global climate change exerts a massive impact on mountain ecosystems. However, global-scale climate models cannot accurately provide small-scale montane climate information nor play a role in mountain climate adaptation. There is a critical need to develop adaptive capacities of mountain indigenous people in small-scale areas to cope with climate change. Ecological calendars informed by local Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) systems that integrate habitat time and space are an effective way to enhance the climate adaptability of indigenous people. The Pamir Mountains are a typical mountain ecosystem that is sensitive to and greatly affected by climate change. Currently, there is little research into the adaptive capacity of the region and the ecological calendars emerging from regional TEK systems. This research takes the Tajik people residing in the Pamirs of China as the research object, uses ethnobotanical research methods to construct a systematic ecological calendar, determines the traditional transhumance characteristics of the ethnic group, and identifies phenological phases of fodder as key ecological indicators based on the temporal and spatial characteristics of fodder resource utilization, while also analyzing the phenological characteristics of vegetation using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and response mechanisms to temperature changes. The results show that TEK and scientific knowledge complement each other, allowing for enhanced ability of mountain residents to cope with climate risks. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1. The Tajik traditional ecological calendar was systematically constructed for the first time. The calendar begins with the "Xiaogong Bahar Festival" and takes "Xun (ten-day)" as the time unit. The main ecological indicators can be divided into four categories: plant phenology, animal behavior, geological conditions, and hydrological climate. The ecological calendar has its own environmental adaptation characteristics. After comparison, it is found that the phenological observation systems used by indigenous people in different regions use different types of ecological indicators, which are strongly correlated with the biological abundance index. Its composition is closely related to local geographical and climatic conditions, and agricultural activities are influenced by ecosystem type. Animal husbandry is the most important part of the traditional Tajik ecological calendar. The indigenous people of Pamir use the phenological phases of fodder as biological indicators of the ecological calendar and perform selective seasonal transitions along an altitude gradient, that is, "grazing by grass". The vegetation types of local wild pastures mainly include desert steppe, alpine desert, alpine meadow, and wintry steppe. 2. The phenological characteristics of fodder are temporally and spatially consistent with grazing activities. On the whole, the vegetation beginning......
	2021-05
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74566
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨慧钊. 民族植物学视角下塔吉克族生态日历及其气候适应性研究, Ethnobotanical Research on the Tajik Ecological Calendar and its Climatic Adaptation in the Parmis[D],2021.

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