长瓣兜兰和硬叶兜兰的花芽分化研究

	长瓣兜兰和硬叶兜兰的花芽分化研究; Studies on flower bud differentiation of Paphiopedilum dianthum and P. micranthum
	夏倩
导师	张石宝
摘要	The member of Paphiopedilum are world-famous ornamental plants with the characteristics of unique flower shape, large flower and diverse flower colors. However, their natural flowering periods are mainly in spring and autumn, which does not match the peak season of flower consumption. There is still a lack of comparative study on the flower bud differentiation processes of spring-flowering species and autumn-flowering species in Paphiopedilum, which restricts their commercial cultivation. In order to understand the development processes of flower bud and the key factors influencing such processes in Paphiopedilum species with different flowering time, the seedlings of P. micranthum (spring-flowering species) and P. dianthum (autumn-flowering species) were chosen as experimental materials, and were cultivated in Kunming (cultivation site) and Yachang (natural habitat). Then, we observed the morphological variations of the flower buds on the stem apices of the two Paphiopedilum species using paraffin section technology. At the same time, the contents of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, gibberellin and auxin in the leaves at different stages of flower bud differentiation were determined. The main results were as follows. (1) The processes of flower bud differentiation of P. micranthum and P. dianthum can be divided into six stages: initial differentiation stage, inflorescence primordium differentiation stage, floral primordium differentiation stage, sepal primordium differentiation stage, petal primordium differentiation stage, and stamen differentiation stage. (2) The initial time of floral bud differentiation of P. micranthum and P. dianthum was similar at the same site, but the developmental time required for each stage was different between the two species. The initiation of floral bud differentiation for both Paphiopedilum species occurred in spring (in early March to mid-April), but P. dianthum took a longer time (about 13 months) to complete the process of floral bud differentiation than P. micranthum (4 months). P. dianthum took 13-14 months to complete the morphological differentiation of floral bud, while P. micranthum required only 4 months. In contrast, the time required for the growth of floral organ in P. dianthum (1.5 months) was significantly shorter than P. micranthum (6.5 months). Thus, the speed of flower bud development rather than the initial time of flower bud differentiation was the main reason for different flowering periods of the two Paphiopedilum species in nature. We also found that the time required to complete the various stages of flower development in Kunming and Yachang was basically the same for P. dianthum and P. micranthum, but the initial time of floral bud differentiation of the two Paphiopedilum species in Kunming was 15 days later than that in Yachang. This was likely related to the lower air temperature and the larger temperature difference between day and night in Yachang than in Kunming before the st
	2020-05
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74195
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	夏倩. 长瓣兜兰和硬叶兜兰的花芽分化研究, Studies on flower bud differentiation of Paphiopedilum dianthum and P. micranthum[D],2020.

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