滇中高原苦刺花（Sophora davidii）花蕾的民族植物学及其苦味物质研究

	滇中高原苦刺花（Sophora davidii）花蕾的民族植物学及其苦味物质研究; Ethnobotany study and bitter substances of Sophora davidii flower buds: a case study from the Central Yunnan Plateau
	邱天雯
导师	杨雪飞
摘要	There has been a long history of flower-consuming phenomenon and culture globally, which arises the interest of the ethnobotanists. Resources and cultures on edible flowers are rich in China that are generally characterized by localities and culture groups. Although noted with dual function as medicine as well as food in the folk knowledge system, few research documents the traditional knowledge on edible flowers. Moreover, scientific investigation on the nutritional and medicinal components of edible flowers and their bioactive effects is generally lacking. This research used flower buds of Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels. (Leguminosae), with bitter taste but widely consumed in central part of Yunnan, as a model system to investigate: (1) the traditional knowledge of S. davidii flower buds throught ethnobotanical survey; (2) the bitter components and their biological activities by the methods of phytochemistry, electronic tongue and bioactivity tests. We attempted to answer the scientific question: whether the traditionally claimed medicinal functions of S. davidii flower buds is attributed to its bitter compounds. The ethnobotanical survey on the traditional knowledge of S. davidii was conducted in Kunming City and Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture located in the Central Yunnan Plateau. A total of 127 information records were obtained. It is found that: (1) S. davidii flower buds are used as vegetable and tea, with the fuction of clearing heat and detoxifying, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. (2) Many informants (63.7%) prefer the bitter taste of S. davidii flower buds; and half of them (50.4%) claimed that the bitter components relate with the function of heat-clearing and detoxifying; the bitterer is the flower buds, the better is the function. To trace the bitter substances of S. davidii flower buds, phytochemical methods and electronic tongue technology were employed. The results were showed as follows: (1) The most bitter part came from the CH2Cl2-soluble fraction of the crude extract. (2) Eighteen compounds mainly alkaloids, were obtained from the CH2Cl2-soluble fraction. Based on spectroscopic methods and comparison of the data with those in the literature, the structures of these isolates were identified to be sophoradavine A (1), sophoradavine B (2), 9α, 14β-dihydroxymatrine (3), sophoramine (4), 9α-hydroxysophoramine (5), 7α-hydroxysophoramine (6), sophocarpine (7), 9α-hydroxysophocarpine (8), matrine (9), 9α-hydroxymatrine (10), 13α-hydroxymatrine (11), 9α-hydroxy-7, 11-dehydromatrine (12), sophoridine (13), lupanine (14), 14α-hydroxylupanine (15), 3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (16), 2-phenylethyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (17), and syringaresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (18). Among them, compounds 1-3 are three new alkaloids; 1 and 2 possess new carbon skeleton, and a total of 13 compounds are obtained from S. davidii flower buds for the first time. (3) Seven alkaloids were tested by the electronic tongue, and a
	2020-05
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74168
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	邱天雯. 滇中高原苦刺花（Sophora davidii）花蕾的民族植物学及其苦味物质研究, Ethnobotany study and bitter substances of Sophora davidii flower buds: a case study from the Central Yunnan Plateau[D],2020.

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