锐鳞环柄菇属及其近缘属的系统发育与分类研究

	锐鳞环柄菇属及其近缘属的系统发育与分类研究; Phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of Echinoderma and its related genera
	侯娅君
导师	葛再伟
摘要	Mushrooms of Echinoderma and related genera Cystolepiota and Melanophyllum species are of significant economic and ecological importance, capable of degrading substances and absorbing heavy metal ions. Alcohol intolerance can occur after consumption of the mushroom E. asperum. However, this genus has also been placed in Lepiota sect. Echinatae by some mycologists. Molecular phylogenetic study of the genus largely remains lacking. Either the species included or the employed gene makers were insufficient to resolve its relationships with other related genera such as Cystolepiota, Lepiota, and Melanophyllum. In this study, the molecular phylogenetic analyses of Echinoderma and its allied genera were conducted based on the DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large nuclear ribosomal RNA subunit (LSU), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) and the translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α)，and the morphological results were referred, to study the genetic relationship and species diversity of this group in China. The main results are listed as follows: (1) Phylogenetically, Echinoderma species (E. asperum, E. flavidoasperum, E. aff. asperum, E. hystrix) forms a monophyletic clade with high statistical supports, appearing to be the sister to a clade jointly composed by Cystolepiota and Melanophyllum. Morphologically, the species of Echinoderma have subcylindrical spores and pointed and pyramidal squamules composed of enlarged cells arranged in chains, quite different from that of its related genera (Cystolepiota, Lepiota, and Melanophyllum), thus it is reasonable to recognize it as a separate genus based on molecular and morphological evidence. (2) Lepiota jacobi and its related species, which were originally placed in sect. Echinatae (Echinoderma), are closely related to Lepiota species. Lepiota jacobi and its related species should be remained in Lepiota because of its ellipsoidal spores is unlike that of Echinoderma. (3) The species of Melanophyllum are similar in morphology to the genus Cystolepiota, and they are clustered in a clade in phylogenetic analysis. It is more reasonable to merge these two genera as one genus. (4) Based on evidence from molecular and morphological characters, this study recognized three species of Echinoderma, a complex group of E. asperum and eight species of Cystolepiota from China, including three new species, E. flavidoasperum, L. omninoflava, C. pseudoseminuda, and one species new to China, L. echinacea. Keys for identification of Echinoderma and Cystolepiota species are provided.
	2020-05
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/74129
专题	昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	侯娅君. 锐鳞环柄菇属及其近缘属的系统发育与分类研究, Phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of Echinoderma and its related genera[D],2020.

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