Late Eocene sclerophyllous oak from Markam Basin, Tibet, and its biogeographic implications

doi:10.1007/s11430-020-9826-4

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	Late Eocene sclerophyllous oak from Markam Basin, Tibet, and its biogeographic implications
	Chen,Linlin ; Deng,Weiyudong ; Su,Tao ; Li,Shufeng ; Zhou,Zhekun
	2021
发表期刊	SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
ISSN	1674-7313
卷号	64 期号:11 页码:1969-1981
摘要	Sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forests, mainly made up of sclerophyllous oak, Quercus section Heterobalanus (oerst.) Menitsky, Fagaceae, represent the most typical forest type in the Hengduan Mountains. Their distribution pattern is closely related to the growth and formation of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). The oldest fossil record of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus so far discovered is from the middle Miocene of the Gazhacun Formation in Namling County, southern Tibet. However, our recent discovery of leaf fossils from the upper Eocene of Lawula Formation in Markam Basin, southeastern Tibet, illustrates that their origin is nearly 20 Myr older than previously assumed. By integrating the results from geometric morphometrics, geographical range expansion, and ecological niche shifts of this section in what is now the QTP and the Hengduan Mountains, we infer that the leaves of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus were already adapted to cool and dry conditions in some local regions no later than in the late Eocene. Then, with the growth of the QTP and late Cenozoic global cooling, the expansion of cooler and drier habitats benefited the spread and development of this section and their leaves exhibited morphological stasis through stabilizing selection. Based on published fossil records and recent discoveries, we argue that Quercus sect. Heterobalanus appeared in the subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests of the southeastern margin of what is now the QTP no later than in the late Eocene. Some taxa spread westwards along the Gangdese Mountains and later the Himalaya, and others spread eastwards and southeastwards, gradually becoming a dominant group of species in the Hengduan Mountains. This dispersal route is contrary to the previous northwards hypothesis of this section, and further supports the hypothesis of an East Asian origin for Quercus section Ilex Loudon.
关键词	Quercus section Heterobalanus Cenozoic Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Geometric Morphometrics Morphological Evolutionary Stasis Biogeography QUERCUS-GUYAVIFOLIA FAGACEAE GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS MORPHOLOGICAL STASIS EVOLUTIONARY STASIS PLATEAU MIOCENE YUNNAN INTENSIFICATION DISAPPEARANCE BIODIVERSITY
DOI	10.1007/s11430-020-9826-4
WOS记录号	WOS:000707954000001
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/73519
专题	中国科学院昆明植物研究所
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Plant Ecol, Core Bot Gardens, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Chen,Linlin,Deng,Weiyudong,Su,Tao,et al. Late Eocene sclerophyllous oak from Markam Basin, Tibet, and its biogeographic implications[J]. SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES,2021,64(11):1969-1981.
APA	Chen,Linlin,Deng,Weiyudong,Su,Tao,Li,Shufeng,&Zhou,Zhekun.(2021).Late Eocene sclerophyllous oak from Markam Basin, Tibet, and its biogeographic implications.SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES,64(11),1969-1981.
MLA	Chen,Linlin,et al."Late Eocene sclerophyllous oak from Markam Basin, Tibet, and its biogeographic implications".SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES 64.11(2021):1969-1981.