Sustainable harvest, people and pandas: Assessing a decade of managed wild harvest and trade in Schisandra sphenanthera

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.042

KIB OpenIR

	Sustainable harvest, people and pandas: Assessing a decade of managed wild harvest and trade in Schisandra sphenanthera
	Brinckumann, J. A.1; Luo, W.2; Xu, Q.3; He, X.3; Wu, J.4; Cunningham, A. B.5,6
	2018-10-05
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
ISSN	0378-8741
卷号	224 页码:522-534
摘要	Ethnopharmacological relevance: Endemic to China, the distribution of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehder & E.H. Wilson includes giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca David, 1869) habitats in forests of the Minshan and Qinling Mountains, both inside and outside conservation areas. The fruit is used in indigenous medicines of the Qiang, Tibetan and Yi ethnic minorities of Sichuan. Also used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), indications for use are prescribed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. For continued access and medical use, survival of healthy populations depends on forests. Biodiversity conservation programmes implemented in forests within the panda landscapes that also benefit rural and indigenous communities, link future access to wild medicinal plants with survival of the panda and resilient rural economies. Aims of the study: This study aimed at assessing the project activities, institutional-level outcomes and achievements, 10 years on, of the 5-year (2007-2011) UNDP-and WWF-supported EU-China Biodiversity Programme for sustainable, "panda-friendly" schisandra. Materials and methods: Our study combined analysis of quantitative data such as purchase records coupled with qualitative data obtained from field work, project documents, site-visit reports, certification documents and published articles about the project. Results: At start of project, interested companies were identified to support economic viability of the sustainable wild harvesting and a "panda friendly" pro-conservation model that provided an incentive to maintain habitat outside formal protected areas. Criteria of relevant sustainability standards, the Organic Wild-crop Harvesting Practice Standard and FairWild Standard, were applied while a new standard was drafted, the Giant Panda Friendly Products Standard. The initial pilot project involving 1 village determined feasibility leading to formation of the Pingwu Shuijing TCM Cooperative which, by 2016, scaled out to membership of 22 villages. From the cooperative's first commercial sale of S. sphenanthera Rehder & E.H.Wilson fruits of 0.5 MT in 2009, annual quantities steadily increased up to 30 MT sold in 2017. The cooperative achieved organic certification in 2012. In 2016, governmental authorisation for the certification of Chinese operations implementing the FairWild Standard was granted. In 2017, the Giant Panda Friendly Products Standard became an official Chinese standard with the cooperative becoming the first panda-friendly certified operation in 2018. Conclusions: A decade after the project first started, there is strong evidence for the pro-conservation micro-and small enterprise model. For example, through the establishment of a TCM cooperative with members in 22 villages engaged in sustainable resource management, harvesting and equitable trade of TCM ingredients with organic and panda-friendly branding. The project benefited from multi-disciplinary collaboration of experts in ethnoecology, TCM, panda biology and habitat, nature conservation, sustainability standards and international trade. Inviting interested companies at the start enabled a transition from a funded-project to annual contracts for sustainably harvested TCM herbal drugs. At end of project (2011), the companies and NGOs remained engaged and motivating for completion of activities started during the project. Major eventual outcomes rooted in the initial project included Chinese government authorisation of the FairWild Standard (2016) and Giant Panda Friendly Products Standard (2017).
关键词	Biodiversity Branding Certification Giant Panda habitat Sustainable trade
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.042
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000442333900049
引用统计	被引频次：14[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/62120
专题	中国科学院昆明植物研究所
通讯作者	Brinckumann, J. A.
作者单位	1.Tradit Med, 4515 Ross Rd, Sebastopol, CA 95472 USA 2.Pingwu Shuijing Tradit Chinese Med Mat Planting S, 100 Ronghua St, Shuijing Town 622564, Sichuan, Peoples R China 3.WWF Chengdu Programme Off, Room 103,Bldg 42 Langtingyuan,8 Qingyang Ave, Qingyang Dist 610071, Chengdu Provinc, Peoples R China 4.Draco Nat Prod Shanghai Tian Yuan Bot Prod Co, 18 He Xiang Rd, Shanghai 201709, Peoples R China 5.Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, King Edward Ave, ZA-3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa 6.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, 132 Lanhei Rd, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Brinckumann, J. A.,Luo, W.,Xu, Q.,et al. Sustainable harvest, people and pandas: Assessing a decade of managed wild harvest and trade in Schisandra sphenanthera[J]. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY,2018,224:522-534.
APA	Brinckumann, J. A.,Luo, W.,Xu, Q.,He, X.,Wu, J.,&Cunningham, A. B..(2018).Sustainable harvest, people and pandas: Assessing a decade of managed wild harvest and trade in Schisandra sphenanthera.JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY,224,522-534.
MLA	Brinckumann, J. A.,et al."Sustainable harvest, people and pandas: Assessing a decade of managed wild harvest and trade in Schisandra sphenanthera".JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 224(2018):522-534.