EVOLUTION OF ANGIOSPERM POLLEN. I. INTRODUCTION

doi:10.3417/2012047

	EVOLUTION OF ANGIOSPERM POLLEN. I. INTRODUCTION
	Wortley, Alexandra H.1; Wang, Hong2 ; Lu, Lu 2; Li, De-zhu2 ; Blackmore, Stephen 1; Wortley,AH (reprint author),Royal Bot Garden,20a Inverleith Row,Edinburgh EH3 5LR,Midlothian,Scotland.; a.wortley@rbge.ac.uk ; wanghong@kib.ac.cn
	2015
发表期刊	ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
卷号	100 期号:3 页码:177-226
摘要	This paper is the first in a series that documents the diversity, distribution, and evolution of palynological characters across angiosperms in a contemporary phylogenetic context, using modern optimization methods. The objectives of the series are: (1) to describe the diversity of pollen morphologies across the angiosperms; (2) to estimate ancestral palynological character states, diagnostic characters, and synapomorphies for monophyletic groups; (3) to highlight and interpret inferred patterns and processes of evolution in palynological characters; and (4) to provide a framework for the placement of enigmatic taxa (including fossil taxa) based on pollen morphology. This first paper examines the methods available for such a study and presents an overview of palynological characters across angiosperms as a whole. Using a well-supported, recent, molecular phylogeny, we consider the effects of coding strategy, method of optimization, and starting tree topology upon inference of trait evolution. Coding strategy and optimization method had significant effects upon inferred ancestral character states, the latter probably due to the different evolutionary models applied. Phylogenetic topology had little effect upon inferred ancestral character states, because the uncertainty in topology at this level involved only nodes where few character state changes occurred. Several palynological characters showed consistent, structured patterns in the context of phylogeny: angiosperms are distinguished from other seed plants by character states including supratectal elements echinate and less than 1 mu m in size, and infratectum structure columellate; eudicots, as recognized in previous studies, may be defined by globose, isopolar, radially symmetrical grains with three equatorial apertures. We present a framework for the remainder of the series, in which the angiosperms are divided into nine monophyletic and paraphyletic groups each having a similar level of pollen variability, and a set of recommendations for the analysis of these groups. The series will provide a reference for future palynological and systematic studies and an approach that may be replicated for other character sets.
关键词	Ancestral Character States Diagnostic Characters Evolution Flowering Plants Optimization Palynology Phylogeny Synapomorphy Trait Evolution
学科领域	Plant Sciences
DOI	10.3417/2012047
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000351321700006
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/20650
专题	中国科学院东亚植物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室
通讯作者	Wortley,AH (reprint author),Royal Bot Garden,20a Inverleith Row,Edinburgh EH3 5LR,Midlothian,Scotland.; a.wortley@rbge.ac.uk; wanghong@kib.ac.cn
作者单位	1.Royal Bot Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wortley, Alexandra H.,Wang, Hong,Lu, Lu,et al. EVOLUTION OF ANGIOSPERM POLLEN. I. INTRODUCTION[J]. ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN,2015,100(3):177-226.
APA	Wortley, Alexandra H..,Wang, Hong.,Lu, Lu.,Li, De-zhu.,Blackmore, Stephen.,...&wanghong@kib.ac.cn.(2015).EVOLUTION OF ANGIOSPERM POLLEN. I. INTRODUCTION.ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN,100(3),177-226.
MLA	Wortley, Alexandra H.,et al."EVOLUTION OF ANGIOSPERM POLLEN. I. INTRODUCTION".ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN 100.3(2015):177-226.

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