KIB OpenIR研究单元&专题: 资源植物与生物技术所级重点实验室<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span style="color:#424242"><span style="background-color:#ffffff">资源植物与生物技术实验室最早始于1938年昆明植物研究所的前身——云南农林植物研究所开展的植物引种驯化研究,1958年成立植物生理研究室,段金玉先生任主任;1987年成立民族植物学研究室,裴盛基教授任主任,2002年部分植物生理研究室的科研力量并入昆明植物园,2004年昆明植物所与世界混农林中心(ECRAF)共建“山地生态系统研究中心”,2005年成立云南省花卉工程中心。</span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span style="color:#424242"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"> 2007年12月18日,经过研究所战略研讨会的充分讨论,所学术委员会论证,所务会批准,昆明植物研究所集聚全所在野生资源植物基础研究和应用开发方面的核心力量,整合筹建了“食用、观赏植物与生物技术重点实验室”,使全所形成集植物资源调查、研究、保存、产业化开发关键技术研究的“三室一园一库”格局。</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align:-webkit-left"><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span style="color:#424242"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times"> 2010 </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:SimSun">年 </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times">3 </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:SimSun">月 </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times">25 </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:SimSun">日,在研究所 </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times">2010 </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="font-family:SimSun"><span style="font-family:仿宋">年战略研讨会上对实验室定位和发展目标又进行了广泛的研讨,根据研究所“三室一园一库”的总体战略布局,为了突出所级重点实验室的发展定位和科学目标,更名为“中国科学院昆明植物研究所资源植物与生物技术重点实验室”。</span> </span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span style="color:#424242"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"> 2014年10月31日,为贯彻落实科学院新时期实现“四个率先”的战略目标,促进昆明植物研究所优势和特色学科的更好发展,经所务会研究决定,原昆明植物园作为支撑系统从研究室中独立出来,而资源植物与生物技术重点实验室则作为独立的研究系统。</span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span style="color:#424242"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"> 2014年11月27日,在中科院昆明分院、昆明植物研究所、所科技处的指导下,经过实验室主任王雨华研究员与全室人员的共同努力,顺利通过了云南省重点实验室的专家论证;并于2015年1月22日正式定名为“云南省野生资源植物研发实验室”。</span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span style="color:#424242"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"> 目前,实验室包括云南省野生资源植物研发重点实验室与生物技术实验中心两个部分,全称为资源植物与生物技术重点实验室,简称“资源室”,英文名为“Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology”。</span></span></span></span></p>http://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/62024-03-28T12:19:19Z2024-03-28T12:19:19ZGanoderma weixiensis (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota), a new member of the G. lucidum complex from Yunnan province, ChinaYe, LeiKarunarathna, Samantha C.Mortimer, Peter E.Li, HuiliQiu, Ming-HuaPeng, Xing-RongLuangharn, ThatsaneeLi, Yun-JuPromputtha, ItthayakornHyde, Kevin D.Xu, Jian-Chuhttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/709972023-05-30T08:17:25Z2020-03-26T01:32:42Z题名: Ganoderma weixiensis (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota), a new member of the G. lucidum complex from Yunnan province, China
作者: Ye, Lei; Karunarathna, Samantha C.; Mortimer, Peter E.; Li, Huili; Qiu, Ming-Hua; Peng, Xing-Rong; Luangharn, Thatsanee; Li, Yun-Ju; Promputtha, Itthayakorn; Hyde, Kevin D.; Xu, Jian-Chu
摘要: Despite the ecological and economic significance of Ganoderma, the taxonomy of this group of mushrooms remains largely unresolved. In line with an attempt to further our understanding of Ganoderma, we describe a new species collected from Yunnan Province, China. Ganoderma weixiensis is described here based on the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU and TEF1-alpha gene regions. This new species is characterized by a reddish-brown pileus, cream colored pore surface and context, eccentrically or centrally attached stipe, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores Comparisons of the morphological characteristics of G. weixiensis and its close relatives G. lucidum and G. leucocontextum are also presented.2020-03-26T01:32:42ZMany unreported crop pests and pathogens are probably already presentBebber, Daniel P.Field, ElsaGui, HengMortimer, PeterHolmes, TimothyGurr, Sarah J.http://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/709702020-04-02T22:12:01Z2020-03-26T01:30:36Z题名: Many unreported crop pests and pathogens are probably already present
作者: Bebber, Daniel P.; Field, Elsa; Gui, Heng; Mortimer, Peter; Holmes, Timothy; Gurr, Sarah J.
摘要: Invasive species threaten global biodiversity, food security and ecosystem function. Such incursions present challenges to agriculture where invasive species cause significant crop damage and require major economic investment to control production losses. Pest risk analysis (PRA) is key to prioritize agricultural biosecurity efforts, but is hampered by incomplete knowledge of current crop pest and pathogen distributions. Here, we develop predictive models of current pest distributions and test these models using new observations at subnational resolution. We apply generalized linear models (GLM) to estimate presence probabilities for 1,739 crop pests in the CABI pest distribution database. We test model predictions for 100 unobserved pest occurrences in the People's Republic of China (PRC), against observations of these pests abstracted from the Chinese literature. This resource has hitherto been omitted from databases on global pest distributions. Finally, we predict occurrences of all unobserved pests globally. Presence probability increases with host presence, presence in neighbouring regions, per capita GDP and global prevalence. Presence probability decreases with mean distance from coast and known host number per pest. The models are good predictors of pest presence in provinces of the PRC, with area under the ROC curve ( AUC) values of 0.75-0.76. Large numbers of currently unobserved, but probably present pests (defined here as unreported pests with a predicted presence probability >0.75), are predicted in China, India, southern Brazil and some countries of the former USSR. We show that GLMs can predict presences of pseudoabsent pests at subnational resolution. The Chinese literature has been largely inaccessible to Western academia but contains important information that can support PRA. Prior studies have often assumed that unreported pests in a global distribution database represent a true absence. Our analysis provides a method for quantifying pseudoabsences to enable improved PRA and species distribution modelling.2020-03-26T01:30:36ZA new p-terphenyl derivative from the fruiting bodies of Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) P. KarstZhang, Feng-MingWang, Yue-HuZhao, PingYu, Fu-Qianghttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/709272020-04-02T22:12:15Z2020-03-26T01:27:46Z题名: A new p-terphenyl derivative from the fruiting bodies of Sarcodon imbricatus (L.) P. Karst
作者: Zhang, Feng-Ming; Wang, Yue-Hu; Zhao, Ping; Yu, Fu-Qiang
摘要: A new p-terphenyl, 2',3'-diacetoxy-4,5,5',6',4'',5''-hexahydroxy-p-terphenyl (1), along with 12 known compounds were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Sarcodon imbricatus (Bankeraceae). Their structures were confirmed on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the spectral data in the literature. Compound 1 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against colon cancer SW480 and leukemia HL-60 cell lines, with IC50 values of 55.02 +/- 1.79 mu M and 44.71 +/- 2.15 mu M, respectively.2020-03-26T01:27:46ZEnhanced Coproduction of Cell-Bound Zeaxanthin and Secreted Exopolysaccharides by Sphingobium sp. via Metabolic Engineering and Optimized FermentationLiu, MengmengSandmann, GerhardChen, FengHuang, Junchaohttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/709242020-04-02T22:12:16Z2020-03-26T01:26:10Z题名: Enhanced Coproduction of Cell-Bound Zeaxanthin and Secreted Exopolysaccharides by Sphingobium sp. via Metabolic Engineering and Optimized Fermentation
作者: Liu, Mengmeng; Sandmann, Gerhard; Chen, Feng; Huang, Junchao
摘要: Zeaxanthin is a value-added carotenoid with wide applications. This study aims to manipulate a generally recognized as safe and carotenoid-producing bacterium, Sphingobium sp., for enhanced production of zeaxanthin and exopolysaccharides. First, whole-genome sequencing and analysis of pathway genes were applied to define the carotenoid pathway in Sphingobium sp. Second, a Sphingobium transformation system was established to engineer metabolite flux into zeaxanthin. By a combination of chemical mutagenesis and removal of bottlenecks of carotenoid biosynthesis via overexpression of three rate-limiting enzymes, the genetically modified Sphingobium DIZ strain produced 21.26 mg/g dry cell weight of zeaxanthin, which was about 4-fold higher than the wild type. Upon optimization of culture conditions, the DIZ strain produced 479.5 mg/L of zeaxanthin with the productivity of 4.99 mg/L/h and 21.9 g/L of exopolysaccharides using a fed-batch fermentation strategy. This study represents the first genetic manipulation of Sphingobium sp., a biotechnologically important bacterium, for high-yield production of value-added metabolites.2020-03-26T01:26:10ZDiversity of Furanoeremophilane Composition in Ligularia tongolensisOkamoto, YasukoNakadozono, YumiShiojiri, KosuzuSuehiro, SayakaSaito, YoshinoriMatsuo, YosukeTanaka, TakashiKuroda, ChiakiTori, MotooGong, XunHanai, Ryohttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/708992020-04-02T22:12:22Z2020-03-26T01:25:45Z题名: Diversity of Furanoeremophilane Composition in Ligularia tongolensis
作者: Okamoto, Yasuko; Nakadozono, Yumi; Shiojiri, Kosuzu; Suehiro, Sayaka; Saito, Yoshinori; Matsuo, Yosuke; Tanaka, Takashi; Kuroda, Chiaki; Tori, Motoo; Gong, Xun; Hanai, Ryo
摘要: The composition of root chemicals was studied for 7 samples of Ligularia tongolensis collected in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces of China. The structures of 2 new 3 beta-angeloyloxy-6 beta-acyloxyfuranoeremophilan-15-oic acids were determined. It was found that the plant harbors chemical diversity in the acyloxy groups in 3,6-bis(acyloxy)eremophilan-15-oic acids. The presence of a 3-methylpentanoate moiety at C-3 appears geographically differentiated to a degree. Consistent with this low diversity, results of DNA analysis indicated little genetic differentiation, although introgression was inferred for one of the samples.2020-03-26T01:25:45ZNavigating between Tea and Rubber in Xishuangbanna, China: When New Crops Fail and Old Ones WorkSlothuus, Charlotte FiltSchmidt-Vogt, DietrichMertz, Olehttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/708932020-03-24T09:03:36Z2020-03-24T09:03:36Z题名: Navigating between Tea and Rubber in Xishuangbanna, China: When New Crops Fail and Old Ones Work
作者: Slothuus, Charlotte Filt; Schmidt-Vogt, Dietrich; Mertz, Ole
摘要: Following the massive expansion of rubber plantations in China, considerable research has been conducted on the impact of these landscape changes. The general consensus is that there have been negative impacts on the environment and positive impacts on local economies. However, since rubber prices dropped after 2011, the economic benefit to the local people is challenged and the impact on the local people and communities remains unclear. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods, this longitudinal study investigates how the drop in rubber prices has affected a local community and the local people in Manlin, Xishuangbanna, China. It investigates local coping strategies and the importance of alternative income sources and shows how differentiated access to alternative lands creates increased economic inequality within the village when prices fluctuate. Three general coping strategies were identified amongst local rubber farmers: doing business as usual, changing rubber management practices, and stopping- or decreasing tapping frequency. Differences in coping strategies are linked to factors including access to alternative income sources and rubber perceptions. Moreover, households with access to tea land were found to have experienced negligible impacts of decreasing rubber prices as income from tea has increased more than income from rubber has decreased, leading to increasing intra-village economic inequality. We conclude that while this is a clear case of how income diversification is important for reducing livelihood vulnerability, it also shows that the large focus on rubber farming has created benefits in terms of improved infrastructure and connectivity that has helped expand the market for tea as well.2020-03-24T09:03:36ZOrchid mantis ambushes foraging butterfliesChen, GaoZhao, Guang-Huihttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/708842021-01-05T01:36:26Z2020-03-24T09:03:29Z题名: Orchid mantis ambushes foraging butterflies
作者: Chen, Gao; Zhao, Guang-Hui2020-03-24T09:03:29ZComparative proteomic and transcriptomic analyses provide new insight into the formation of seed size in castor beanYu, AnminLi, FeiLiu, Aizhonghttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/708722021-01-05T03:03:50Z2020-03-24T09:02:36Z题名: Comparative proteomic and transcriptomic analyses provide new insight into the formation of seed size in castor bean
作者: Yu, Anmin; Li, Fei; Liu, Aizhong
摘要: Background Little is known about the molecular basis of seed size formation in endospermic seed of dicotyledons. The seed of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is considered as a model system in seed biology studies because of its persistent endosperms throughout seed development. Results We compared the size of endosperm and endospermic cells between ZB107 and ZB306 and found that the larger seed size of ZB107 resulted from a higher cell count in the endosperm, which occupy a significant amount of the total seed volume. In addition, fresh weight, dry weight, and protein content of seeds were remarkably higher in ZB107 than in ZB306. Comparative proteomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed between large-seed ZB107 and small-seed ZB306, using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and RNA-seq technologies, respectively. A total of 1416 protein species were identified, of which 173 were determined as differentially abundant protein species (DAPs). Additionally, there were 9545 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ZB306 and ZB107. Functional analyses revealed that these DAPs and DEGs were mainly involved in cell division and the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins. Conclusions These findings suggest that both cell number and storage-component accumulation are critical for the formation of seed size, providing new insight into the potential mechanisms behind seed size formation in endospermic seeds.2020-03-24T09:02:36ZMonpa, memory, and change: an ethnobotanical study of plant use in Medog County, South-east Tibet, ChinaLi, ShanZhang, YuGuo, YongjieYang, LixinWang, Yuhuahttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/708692021-01-05T02:35:07Z2020-03-24T09:02:34Z题名: Monpa, memory, and change: an ethnobotanical study of plant use in Medog County, South-east Tibet, China
作者: Li, Shan; Zhang, Yu; Guo, Yongjie; Yang, Lixin; Wang, Yuhua
摘要: Background Due to their relative isolation, the previous studies of Monpa plant use were only conducted in north-east India. In October 2013, Medog County was no longer remote, thanks to completion of a highway into the county. This study of plant species used by the Monpa had three research objectives. These were (i) to identify and record local names and uses of plants in Medog County, (ii) to assess which of these were uses of endemic or near-endemic species within this part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, and (iii) to assess how plant uses reflect socio-economic change in Medog County? Methods Field surveys were conducted in 12 villages of four townships in Medog County, Tibet, China. Two field visits were made. The first field trip was in November 2017 and the second field trip was in May 2018. We interviewed 64 key informants between 21 and 84 years old. Most of them were the village leaders and other local people who are knowledgeable about plants. After transect walks with knowledgeable local people, we used free listing, key informant interviews, and semi-structured interviews during the field work. Plants traditionally used by the Monpa were documented. Utilization frequency was used to assess the significance of each species, and the Cultural Importance index was used to estimate the cultural significance of the species in common. We also used the informant consensus factor (FIC) to determine the homogeneity of the informants' knowledge of medicinal plants. Results One hundred ninety-four plant species belonging to 82 families and 158 genera were recorded and collected. One hundred twenty-two species, primarily fruits, were food plants. Forty-five species were used as traditional medicines. This included highly valued species collected in alpine areas (Paris polyphylla) and brought to villages in Medog, which are at a lower altitude (between 728 and 1759 m a.s.l). Seven edible plant species were also used as herbal medicines. We also recorded 39 species used for other purposes in Monpa daily life. These included nine species that were used to make agricultural tools, five species for dyes and mordants, four species for timber, three species for fuelwood, four species for religious ritual use, three species for washing, two species for incense, two species for thatching, two species for fiber (rope and paper), two "calendar plants" were used to indicate seasons for agricultural purposes, two fish poison plant species, and one species were used as a tobacco substitute. Based on taxonomic insights and from studies elsewhere, we suggested that fiber species were under-reported (c. 14 species were used vs. one species reported used). Even though these plant species are rich and diverse, the use of endemic or near-endemic species was rarely recorded in previous studies. These species included Arenga micrantha (used for starch), Hornstedtia tibetica (fruits), Castanopsis clarkei (edible nuts) and Gnetum pendulum (edible nuts), Ophiorrhiza medogensis (vegetables), Derris scabricaulis (fish poison), Radermachera yunnanensis (agricultural tools), Litsea tibetana (seed oil), Dendrocalamus tibeticus (wine strainers and implements for administering medicine), Zanthoxylum motuoense (spices), Cinnamomum contractum (tobacco substitutes), Morus wittiorum (medicines), and Garcinia nujiangensis (funeral rituals). Despite the absence of roads until 2013 and the impression of "isolation," Monpa knowledge of plant use reflects three categories of change.
Firstly, oral histories of plants used in Bhutan were also encountered by Monpa people after their migration from Bhutan to south-eastern Tibet. Secondly, a "slow change" through centuries of exchange of knowledge (for example of Chinese and Tibetan medical systems), seeds of introduced crops (finger millet (indigenous to Africa), maize (from Meso-America)), and experimentation and use of introduced medicinal plants (such as Datura stramonium, which originates from North America). Thirdly, "fast change" over the past decade. This is reflected in changes in traditional architecture and in rising commercial trade in selected plant resources such as Dendrobium orchid stems and Paris polyphylla rhizomes which are in demand in China's Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) markets). Conclusions Monpa people in the south-eastern Tibet have detailed knowledge of the diverse plant resources. But that traditional knowledge is now faced with a crisis because of the modern socio-economic change. In addition, Monpa knowledge of plants reflects slower changes in knowledge as well. For example, Monpa ethnomedicine has been influenced by traditional Tibetan and Chinese medicine over a longer period in time. Overall, this study provides a deeper understanding of the Monpa peoples' knowledge on wild plants, including endemic and near-endemic species whose uses have not been previously recorded. Several of these narrowly distributed species, such as the fish poison Derris scabricaulis, could be the focus of further studies. Some wild edible plants may also have interesting dietary constituents which need in-depth studies. These detailed studies could enable the Monpa people to benefit from the use of their traditional plant-derived culture and therefore support the biodiversity conservation.2020-03-24T09:02:34ZGenomic analysis reveals rich genetic variation and potential targets of selection during domestication of castor bean from perennial woody tree to annual semi-woody cropXu, WeiYang, TianquanQiu, LijunChapman, Mark A.Li, De-ZhuLiu, Aizhonghttp://ir.kib.ac.cn:80/handle/151853/708592020-04-02T22:12:24Z2020-03-24T09:02:10Z题名: Genomic analysis reveals rich genetic variation and potential targets of selection during domestication of castor bean from perennial woody tree to annual semi-woody crop
作者: Xu, Wei; Yang, Tianquan; Qiu, Lijun; Chapman, Mark A.; Li, De-Zhu; Liu, Aizhong
摘要: Relatively, little is known about the genetic variation of woody trees during domestication. Castor bean (Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae) is a commercially important nonedible annual oilseed crop and differs from its wild progenitors that have a perennial woody habit. Although castor bean is one of the oldest cultivated crops, its domestication origin, genomic variation, and potential targets of selection underlying domestication traits remain unknown. Here, we performed a phylogenetic analysis, which suggests that the wild accessions were distinctively separated from the cultivated accessions. Genome sequencing of three accessions (one each wild, landrace, and cultivar) showed a large number of genetic variants between wild and cultivated castor bean (ZB306 or Hale), and relatively few variants between cultivar ZB306 and Hale. Comparative genome analysis revealed many candidate genes of selection and key pathways potentially involved in the transition from a perennial woody tree to annual crop. Interestingly, among 16 oil-related genes only three showed evidence of selection and the remainder showed low genetic variation at the population level, suggesting strong purifying selection in both the wild and domesticated gene pools. These results extend our understanding of the origin, genomic variation, and domestication, and provide a valuable resource for future gene-trait associations and castor bean breeding.2020-03-24T09:02:10Z